Wei Qi (often called "Go") is an ancient Chinese game played on a board with black and white stones. The goal of the game is to surround more territory than your opponent.
The idea of the game is simple, yet it can take a lifetime to master. I began playing in 2006 so I am not very good. But I am happy to teach others how to play. The earlier in life you begin to play, the better you will become. Professional players in China, Japan, or Korea begin around 5 or 6 years old.
There is a small book that is free to download that can teach you the basics of Go. It can be found on the American Go Association's webpage: The Way to Go