I have been involved in re-architecture projects of two payment systems. I have put down some of my thoughts here.
B2C: Business to Customer
B2B: Business to Business
C2G: Citizen to Government
Mobile
Customer e-com portal
Web Site (3D Secure/Payment Capture)
Social Channel like Facebook/Google+ using XMPP integration
Secured Web Services (for e-commerce sites).
Retail Point of Sale
ATM networks
SWIFT
ACH (Automated Clearing House)
Payment Networks (Master/Visa/Amex)
Direct Bank Integration
Mobile Wallet Integration (ONUS/OFFUS)
High Velocity Payment Switch
Accounting & Recon Hub
Payment Hub
Fraud Management (Online, Offline)
Compliance (KYC, AML/CFT)
Audit & Control
B2B Partner Management
Service Governance & Business Rules & Policy Management
Exceptions & Business Process Management