Differential Topology in Quantum Space
Diaa A Ahmed
e-mail: diahmed@yahoo.com
(Rotterdam July 1997)
To sum up; Continuous Transformations; Poincare-Lorentz, Gauge, Renormalization Group, were needed to supplement functions and their function spaces, in fact it needed a continuous infinity of these and their duals. The concept of functional d-space -as a model- is a central idea to understand the transformations and the physical nature of space. Functions and geometry are no longer representing physical reality.
( The curves ~ , and the waves | , are absent in the diagram, which represents the functional space.) Each point is in fact a ray, a Fourier component of Dl , the metric itself should be represented this way; this is the requirement of classical and quantum field theory, their fundamental Fourier representation and the Fourier representation of the space; an out come of the transformations. The holographic principle ( phases ) recovers the Riemannian Einsteinian structure of the manifold. Charges act as solitons or holograms in the quantum space; project a specific type of a-rays from the functional space through a certain phase angle g wa(x) , and here again the holographic principle recovers the geometric structure of the fields.
At each different neighboring point of the manifold there exist a locally inertial system of coordinates;
k(4)
k(5)
k(6)
k(3)
|
|
|
k(7)
k(2)
|
~
~
~
|
k(8)
k(1)
|
~
hmn(5)
~
|
k(9)
|
~
~
|
~
~
< wa |
eb >
dab
>
~
~
~
~
~
hmn(n)
~
~
~
~
Dual basis, [ Qa , Qb ], [ wa , eb ], [ gam , gmb ], of dab ,
The sequence of points, (1), (2),...., there exist a sequence of fields, y(1) , y(2) , ..... , a sequence of Minkowskian metrics
h(1) , h(2) ,....., and the continuous transformations connects a continuous infinity of these, (1), (2),....., local systems. There is not one system ( say space time ), but one at each point, and translations ( rot ) take place between neighboring systems in functional space. The generators of the transformations, say, [ I + ¶l ( d x )] , or, [ I + i ¶l w ( ¶ xl )] , are the dual basis of functional d-space, < ¶ xa , ¶ / ¶ xb > = dab . In the language of quantum mechanics, field theory and Fourier representation, the 1-forms ¶l , ¶ xl , are k-waves. There is not a flat space time hmn , at each neighboring point of the manifold but a k-component of the basis forms ¶l , ¶ xl . Quantum mechanics and field theory require basically the language of functional space and differential topology.
[1] Quantum Topology and the references cited therein.
[2] L Lopes, Gauge Field Theories, Pergamon 1981.
[3] MTW, Gravitation, Freeman 1973.