Geologic Events
├Phanerozoic: Emergence of "visible" life
├Cenozoic: An era of angiosperm and mammal diversification
├Quaternary: Modern age and recent ice ages
├Holocene: Current age... Recent Mass Extinction?
└Pleistocene: Most recent ice age
├Tarantian: Extinction of humans, other than Homo sapiens
├Ionian: An age of global drying and glaciation; mammoth steppe dominates
├Calabrian: An age of global drying and glaciation
└Gelasian: An age of horses
├Neogene: Age of modern plants and large mammals
├Pliocene: Increase in grasslands and savannas
├Piacenzian: An age of Lucy (Australopithecus afarensis)
└Zanclean: Refilling of the Mediterranean Sea
└Miocene: Rise and diversification of grasslands
└Paleogene: Diversification of flowering plants and mammals
├Oligocene: First grasslands
├Eocene: Forests from pole to pole
├Bartonian: Oldest known carnivorous plant
└Paleocene: Recovery from Mesozoic extinction
├Selandian: Angiosperms rebound
└Danian: Recovery from K-Pg extinction
├Mesozoic: An era of cone-bearing seed plants
├Cretaceous: Origin of angiosperms
├Late Cretaceous: Fifth Mass Extinction of Animals
├Maastrichtian: Chicxulub meteorite impact
└Early Cretaceous: Origin of angiosperms
├Barremian: Direct evidence of angiosperm macrofossils
├Valanginian: First evidence of flowering plant pollen
├Jurassic: Age of conifers, ginkgoes, and sauropods
├Middle Jurassic: Age of conifer domination
├Toarcian: Large marine extinction/turnover
├Pliensbachian: Five distinct vegetative biomes
└Triassic: Age of diversifying gymnosperms, and dawn of dinosaurs
├Late Triassic: Fourth Mass Extinction of Animals
├Olenekian: Recovery from greatest extinction event
└Paleozoic Era: Rise of land plants; Age of pteridophyte domination
├Permian: An age of increasing global temperatures and drying
├Late Permian: Largest Mass Extinction of Animals
├Changhsingian: Third Mass Extinction of Animals
├Middle Permian: Plants with adaptations for drought
├Capitanian: Probable Mass Extinction
└Roadian:
└Early Permian: Hold-over of Carboniferous swamps
└Asselian: Forests of ancestral tree ferns, Noeggerathians, Sigillaria, and horsetails
├Carboniferous: An age of expansive coal swamps
├Pennsylvanian: The age of coal swamps
├Gzhelian: Brief domination of Marattioid tree ferns
├Kasimovian: Climate change devastated tropical rainforests
├Moscovian: Large lycopsids interspersed with cordiates and sphenopsids
└Bashkirian: expansion of arborescent lycopsid swamps
└Mississippian: Age of weedy pteridosperms and early tetrapods
├Serpukhovian: leaf shape diversity peaked
├Visean: Megaphylls, or true leaves, in ferns appear
└Tournaisian: arborescent lycopods, sphenophyllophytes, equisetophytes, and pteridosperms
├Devonian: Adaptive radiation of land plants
├Late Devonian:_Second Mass Extinction of Animals_
├Famennian: Evidence of the first seed plant
└Frasnian: Rise of woody plants
├Middle Devonian: first trees appear on the landscape
├Givetian: The origin of forests
└Eifelian: Land plants spread across equator
└Early Devonian: new land plant habitats emerge
├Emsian: Plants increasing in height
├Pragian: Age of the Rhynie Chert
└Lochkovian: Trimerophytes appear
├Silurian: An age of diversification of land plants and fishes
├Ludlow: oldest vascular cells found
├Wenlock: Land plants probably throughout landscape
├Homerian:
└Llandovery: Massive ecological change-over
├Aeronian:
├Ordovician Period: Age of the earliest land plants
├Late Ordovician:_First Mass Extinction of Animals_
├Hirnantian: Glaciation events
├Middle Ordovician: Great Ordovician Biodiversity Event
├Darriwilian: Increase in plant miospores
└Dapingian: Earliest plant sporangium
└Early Ordovician: Evidence of earliest plant spores
├Floian: Earliest confirmed plant micro-fossils
└Cambrian Period: Diversification of algae and marine invertebrates
├Proterozoic: Evolution of eukaryotes; diversification of bacteria
├NeoProterozoic: Snowball Earth Event(s)
├Ediacaran: _Possible Mass Extinction of Metazoans_
├Cryogenian: An age of planet-wide glaciations
└Tonian: Diversification of acritarchs
├MesoProterozoic: The origin of sexual reproduction
├Stenian: Super-continent Rodinia forms
├Ectasian: Earliest direct evidence of eukaryotes
└Calymmian: Breakup of Columbia Super-continent
└PaleoProterozoic: Increase in Earth's oxygen
├Statherian: Rise of complex, single-celled life
├Orosirian: Extensive mountain building
├Rhyacian: An age of high volcanism; possible early eukaryotes
└Siderian: The Great Oxidation Event
├Archean: Origin of life
├Neoarchean: Beginning of oxygen-forming photosynthesis
├Mesoarchean: Direct evidence of life
├Paleoarchean: Oldest indirect evidence of life
└Eoarchean: The possibility of life on Earth
└Hadean: Earth's origins, before the advent of life