This course builds a strong foundation in mathematical thinking, problem-solving, and real-world application. Students explore key concepts in number sense, operations with whole numbers, fractions, decimals, and integers, ratios and proportional reasoning, expressions and equations, geometry, and introductory statistics and probability. Emphasis is placed on understanding why math works—not just how—through hands-on activities, collaborative learning, and multiple problem-solving strategies. Students are encouraged to explain their reasoning, make connections across topics, and apply math to everyday situations, developing confidence and skills that prepare them for advanced math courses and lifelong learning.