Interactive Google Doodle pays tribute to Lake Xochimilco, an unspoiled natural lake located near Mexico City. This lake holds immense significance as it is the last remaining original habitat for axolotls worldwide, which are closely related to salamanders. During the 15th century, Lake Xochimilco was inhabited by the ancient Aztec civilization, but it later fell under the control of landowners during the colonial era. However, on this very day in 1920, the Mexican government returned the lake to its local inhabitants. Presently, Lake Xochimilco serves as a popular recreational spot, a cultural attraction, and a sanctuary for the rare axolotl species.
The unique topography of Lake Xochimilco led to the adoption of an ancient farming technique known as chinampa farming by the local farmers. This method involves the creation of artificial floating gardens. The chinamperos, or farmers, cultivate a diverse range of aquatic plants in the nutrient-rich soil of these floating gardens, including both common vegetables and medicinal herbs. Additionally, the lake has become a favorite destination for activities such as rowing and kayaking. Visitors can enjoy leisurely rides on vibrantly colored wooden boats called trajineras, an essential pastime on the lake.
Lake Xochimilco holds the distinction of being the sole remaining natural habitat on the planet where axolotls, freshwater salamanders that reside in water rather than land, can be found. These peculiar creatures possess permanently upturned mouths that give them a slight smile, and they possess the extraordinary ability to regenerate limbs, gills, and even parts of their eyes and brains. Unfortunately, due to various threats, the axolotl species was classified as critically endangered in 2008.
According to legend, the axolotl's namesake is the Aztec deity Xolotl, who was the god of fire and lightning. It is believed that Xolotl transformed himself into a salamander to escape sacrifice. The axolotl holds immense cultural significance in Mexico, to the extent that the Bank of Mexico introduced the salamander on the country's 50-peso bill in 2021.
In recent times, efforts have been made to safeguard Lake Xochimilco, as years of pollution, invasive species, human interference, and other challenges have harmed the axolotl ecosystem. Local chinamperos have taken proactive steps to restore their lands, utilizing improved fertilizers and water filters to preserve these unique creatures that have become an integral part of their heritage and way of life.
Click on Celebrating Lake Xochimilco Google Doodle to embark on a trajinera boat alongside tourist axolotls and try to capture a photograph of some of these remarkable creatures that call Lake Xochimilco their home!