Privacy
Privacy is the state or condition of being free from being observed or disturbed by other people.
The degree of privacy you have with any software tool is defined in their terms of service or user acceptance agreement.
Major applications also have security settings that should be periodically reviewed.
Google History - 'check out your past searches and the content you’ve browsed in Chrome and other apps'
WHOIS ICANN domain lookup - a database that documents the owners of domain names, and includes names, addresses, phone numbers, emails, dates, and IP addresses.
Tools
Https Everywhere - a Firefox, Chrome, and Opera extension that encrypts your communications with many major websites, making your browsing more secure.
Privacy Badger - ad blocking and tool to stop tracking in Chrome and Firefox
Privacy Rights
Fight for the future - a nonprofit working to expand the internet's power for good
Get Safe - a guide six-step guide
Articles
How to Do a Quick Privacy Checkup in Google Apps - Privacy Checkup