First Nations
EMMI - FAICL
The traditional territory of
Algonquin, Cree, Blackfoot, Métis, Nakota Sioux, Iroquois, Dene, and Ojibway/Saulteaux/Anishinaabe Nations & Lands
The EMMI Catholic respects the sovereignty, lands, histories, languages, knowledge systems, and cultures of First Nations, Métis and Inuit nations.
First Nations (French: Premières Nations) is a term used to identify Indigenous Canadian peoples who are neither Inuit nor Métis. Traditionally, First Nations in Canada were peoples who lived south of the tree line, and mainly south of the Arctic Circle. There are 634 recognized First Nations governments or bands across Canada. Roughly half are located in the provinces of Ontario and British Columbia.
North American indigenous peoples have cultures spanning thousands of years. Some of their oral traditions accurately describe historical events, such as the Cascadia earthquake of 1700 and the 18th-century Tseax Cone eruption. Written records began with the arrival of European explorers and colonists during the Age of Discovery in the late 15th century. European accounts by trappers, traders, explorers, and missionaries give important evidence of early contact culture. In addition, archeological and anthropological research, as well as linguistics, have helped scholars piece together an understanding of ancient cultures and historic peoples.
Les Premières Nations (en anglais : First Nations) sont les peuples autochtones du Canada inscrits et non-inscrits en vertu de la Loi sur les Indiens, à l'exception des Inuits et des Métis. L'expression s'est répandue dans les années 1970 afin de remplacer le mot « Indiens », jugé offensant Nombre de collectivités autochtones ont adopté l’expression « Première Nation » pour remplacer l'expression « bande indienne », le cas échéant, l'expression s'emploie plutôt pour désigner précisément le groupe d'autochtones en question.
Sur plus d'un million de personnes qui se définissent comme autochtones au Canada, 64 % font partie des Premières Nations. Ils se répartissent en 50 nations ou groupes linguistiques et 617 communautés. La majorité (54 %) des membres des Premières Nations vivent en milieu urbain et non plus en réserve.
Mi'kmaq Flag
Computer Room at the Manse, one of the plates' collections: The NS Mi'kmaq (2019)
Mi’kmaq
The Mi'kmaq (Micmac) are First Nations people of the Northeastern Woodlands, indigenous to the areas of Canada's Atlantic Provinces and the Gaspé Peninsula of Quebec as well as Native Americans in the northeastern region of Maine. The traditional national territory of the Mi'kmaq is named Miꞌkmaꞌki.
There are 170,000 Mi'kmaq people in the region, (including 18,044 members in the recently formed Qalipu First Nation in Newfoundland.) Nearly 11,000 members speak Miꞌkmaq, an Eastern Algonquian language. Once written in Miꞌkmaw hieroglyphic writing, it is now written using most letters of the Latin alphabet.
The Mi'kmaq, Maliseet, and Pasamaquoddy nations signed a series of treaties known as the Covenant Chain of Peace and Friendship Treaties with the British Crown throughout the eighteenth century; the first was signed in 1725, and the last in 1779. The Miꞌkmaq maintain that they did not cede or give up their land title or other rights through these Peace and Friendship Treaties. The landmark 1999 Supreme Court of Canada decision in R v Marshall upheld the 1752 Peace and Friendship Treaty "which promised Indigenous Peoples the right to hunt and fish their lands and establish trade."
The Miꞌkmaw Grand Council is the official authority that engages in consultation with the Canadian federal government and the provincial government of Nova Scotia, as established by the historic August 30, 2010 agreement with the Miꞌkmaq Nation, resulting from the Miꞌkmaq–Nova Scotia–Canada Tripartite Forum. This collaborative agreement, which includes all the First Nations within the province of Nova Scotia, was the first in Canadian history.
Historically the Santé Mawiómi, or Grand Council, which was made up of chiefs of the district councils of Miꞌkmaꞌki, was the traditional senior level of government for the Miꞌkmaw people. The 1876 Indian Act disrupted that authority, by requiring First Nations to establish representative elected governments along the Canadian model, and attempting to limit the Council's role to spiritual guidance.
Les Micmacs ou Mi'kmaq ou Mi'gmaq sont un peuple autochtone de la côte nord-est d'Amérique, faisant partie des peuples algonquiens. Il y a aujourd'hui vingt-neuf groupes distincts de cette ethnie au Canada, et une seule bande, la « Aroostook Band of Micmacs (bande de Micmacs d’Aroostoock) », aux États-Unis.
Arrivés il y a plus de dix mille ans, ces « premiers humains », comme ils se nommaient, venus de l'Ouest via le détroit de Béring, étaient déjà présents dans cette partie du monde bien avant l'arrivée des Vikings puis des Européens.
Les Micmacs se sont progressivement installés dans la péninsule de la Gaspésie au Québec. Puis, ils conquirent plusieurs régions du Canada, à savoir : la Nouvelle-Écosse, l’Île-du-Prince-Édouard, une partie du Nouveau-Brunswick et l'île de Terre-Neuve.
Les Micmacs sont arrivés dans la région de la Gaspésie il y a environ 3 000 ans. Ceux-ci vivaient, à l’époque, de chasse et de pêche la majorité de l’année, ainsi que de cueillette de crustacés et de fruits. Lors de l’hiver, les Micmacs, étant nomades, se déplaçaient dans la forêt et vivaient surtout de chasse de différents animaux, dont l’orignal et le castor
Second Ordination or Co-Ordination
Rev. Eric Michel and Rev. Marie Yvonne were ordained a second time by the Rev. Doc. Bobby Crow Feather, assisted by Rev. Christopher M. Evans at 30567 E 46Th Street, Broken Arrow in the County of Tulsa, Oklahoma 74014, on the 1st day of August 2012. Notary Seal of Leigh A. Vazquez.
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Karyn's pictures from Eric Michel friends on Yahoo
