RMS (Rhabdomyosarcoma) is a rare and aggressive form of cancer that primarily affects the soft tissues, especially in children and young adults. This type of cancer originates in the cells that normally develop into skeletal muscles, such as those used for voluntary movement and control. Understanding what is RMS disease requires exploring its characteristics, causes, diagnosis, treatment options, and the importance of ongoing research.
Characteristics of RMS:
Two Main Types: RMS is divided into two main subtypes: embryonal RMS and alveolar RMS. Embryonal RMS is more common and typically affects children under the age of 5. Alveolar RMS is less common but tends to occur in older children and teenagers.
Rapid Growth: RMS tumors are known for their rapid growth and can appear in various parts of the body. Common sites include the head and neck region, urinary and reproductive organs, arms, and legs.
Symptoms: Symptoms may vary depending on the tumor's location but can include pain, swelling, a noticeable lump, and changes in bowel or bladder habits.
Risk Factors: While the exact cause of RMS remains largely unknown, some genetic factors and conditions, such as Li-Fraumeni syndrome and neurofibromatosis, may increase the risk of developing this cancer.
Causes:
The exact cause of RMS is not well understood, but it is believed to result from genetic mutations in muscle precursor cells during early embryonic development. These mutations lead to uncontrolled cell growth and tumor formation. While some genetic factors may predispose individuals to RMS, the majority of cases occur sporadically without a clear family history.