Wake Up On Lan Magic Packet Download

This article explains why unwanted wake-up events occur when you enable the Wake On LAN (WOL) functionality in Windows 7 and in Windows Vista, and describes how to configure the computer to wake only in response to a Magic Packet.

In Windows 7 and in Windows Vista, the WOL feature can wake a remote computer from a power-saving state such as sleep. When you enable WOL, the network adapter continues listening to the network when the computer is asleep. WOL wakes the computer if it receives a special data packet.

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In most cases, a wake-up pattern or a Magic Packet enables remote access to a computer that is in a power-saving state. However, some networking protocols use these packets for other purposes. For example, routers use ARP packets to periodically confirm the presence of a computer. Such protocols do not use these packets to wake computers. However, in some networks, network traffic may wake up a remote computer by mistake. These unwanted wake-up events may occur in especially noisy environments such as enterprise networks. Therefore, by default, WOL is disabled in Windows 7 and in Windows Vista.

However, unwanted wake events may occur after you enable WOL. For example, the computer may wake up soon after it enters a power-saving state. One cause may be that the network environment generates wake-up patterns too frequently. In this situation, we strongly recommend that you configure the computer to wake only in response to Magic Packets. Magic Packets are especially designed to wake up a computer from a power-saving state. Also, because a Magic Packet is specific to the MAC address of a network adapter, a Magic Packet is unlikely to be sent accidentally.

I would prefer that my laptop not be woken up remotely under any circumstances. I've disabled Allow this device to wake the computer on the Power Management tab, but these settings appear to be separate. My assumption is that I can set these two settings to Disabled without negative consequences. Is that right?

Wake on Magic Packet causes the network card to awaken the computer when it receives a magic packet. A packet is considered "magic" when it contains FF FF FF FF FF FF (six instances of the largest possible byte value) followed by sixteen instances of the card's six-byte MAC address. That sequence can appear anywhere within the frame, so the packet can be sent over any higher-level protocol. Usually, UDP is used, but sometimes raw frames with EtherType 0x0842 are used. (Source: Wikipedia.)

Wake on Pattern Match is a superset of the previous. It will cause the card to wake the machine when various things come in, including a magic packet, a NetBIOS name query, a TCP SYN packet (either TCPv4 or TCPv6), etc. Those last ones may require ARP offload to be enabled. (Source: TechNet.)

These two settings form a feature of most modern computers known as "Wake on LAN"; in a nutshell, leaving this setting on allows the network card of your system to receive sufficient power to remain in standby mode, while the rest of the system is powered off. While in standby mode, it may receive a "magic packet" - a small amount of data specific to the mac address of the network card - and will respond to this by turning on the system. Very useful for remote control situations, however you are absolutely right that you may disable these features without any negative consequences - kudos to you for doing some prior research too.

After converting to Windows 10 a while ago, I have been disturbed in my sleep by my computer randomly turning on during the middle of the night. I opened CMD with Admin priveleges, and entered powerconfig/devicequery wake_armed . This let me see which devices have permission to automatically wake the PC. In this list were my mouse and keyboard, and my NIC (Realtek PCIe controller).

I am not sure why my NIC would have wake privileges by default, this seems sketchy to me. I went into the Advanced settings for the device, and sure enough both the "Wake on pattern match" and "Wake on magic packet" were enabled. After brief research, it seems like something akin to a broadcast packet being heard on my interface was enough to wake the PC. I disabled them mainly because I want to sleep without being woken up myself in the middle of the night. Now I am concerned about the security of my PC, because I do not understand enough about why magic packets are considered or from where magic packets originate.

I opened CMD with Admin priveleges, and entered powerconfig/devicequery wake_armed . This let me see which devices have permission to automatically wake the PC. In this list were my mouse and keyboard, and my NIC (Realtek PCIe controller).

In recent Windows versions, the "UpdateOrchestrator" has been known to wake the OS from sleep through a Task Scheduler job (one which Microsoft deliberately makes very difficult to disable), and even to keep the OS from suspending automatically (apparently due to a bug that was fixed in October's update).

The idea is that your computer would wake whenever you want to access it, then go to sleep again when idle. For example, you could have a PC serving as a file server or Remote Desktop server, which would normally require it to be running 24/7, but with "Wake on pattern match" it could sleep most of the time and still be reachable.

In practice, unfortunately, "Wake on pattern match" only works when you least want it to, but never does when you actually need it. It's a very common source of unwanted wakes, although not the only one.

Only to the extent of slighly annoying you. Literally the only thing they could do is wake a sleeping computer, but they cannot gain any access that they wouldn't have if you had powered it on yourself.

The Wikipedia article on the subject only describes the standard Wake-on-LAN magic packet. However the same article describes that a supplementary standard would need to be used for waking up wireless hosts.

I am not sure if there is a RFC standard about WoWLAN, but there exists PSM in 802.11, which make station into a limited power state and can be woke up by AP. In order to wake the station that in PSM, you just need to send your data message to it, and AP will notify that station in next Beacon frame.

Apart from the above links pointed by Tony, I think the below link for WOL (wake on lan) works for Wake on Wifi as well. If you are not using iphone as a client to wake up as mentioned in the article, you can use any other WOL apps for your client machine:

Equivalent terms include wake on WAN, remote wake-up, power on by LAN, power up by LAN, resume by LAN, resume on LAN and wake up on LAN. If the computer being awakened is communicating via Wi-Fi, a supplementary standard called Wake on Wireless LAN (WoWLAN) must be employed.[1]

Ethernet connections, including home and work networks, wireless data networks, and the Internet itself, are based on frames sent between computers. WoL is implemented using a specially designed frame called a magic packet, which is sent to all computers in a network, among them the computer to be awakened. The magic packet contains the MAC address of the destination computer. This is an identifying number, built into each network interface controller (NIC), that enables the NIC to be uniquely recognized and addressed on a network. In computers capable of Wake-on-LAN, the NIC(s) listen to incoming packets, even when the rest of the system is powered down. If a magic packet arrives and is addressed to the device's MAC address, the NIC signals the computer's power supply or motherboard to awaken. This has the same effect as pressing the power button.

The magic packet is sent on the data link layer (layer 2 in the OSI model) and when sent, is broadcast to all attached devices on a given network, using the network broadcast address; the IP address (which relates to the internet layer) is not used. Because Wake-on-LAN is built upon broadcast messaging, it can generally only be used within a subnet. Wake-on-LAN can, however, operate across any network in practice, given appropriate configuration and hardware, including remote wake-up across the Internet.

The magic packet is a frame that is most often sent as a broadcast and that contains anywhere within its payload 6 bytes of all 255 (FF FF FF FF FF FF in hexadecimal), followed by sixteen repetitions of the target computer's 48-bit MAC address, for a total of 102 bytes.

Since the magic packet is only scanned for the string above, and not actually parsed by a full protocol stack, it could be sent as payload of any network- and transport-layer protocol, although it is typically sent as a UDP datagram to port 0 (reserved port number),[6] 7 (Echo Protocol) or 9 (Discard Protocol),[7] or directly over Ethernet using EtherType 0x0842.[8] A connection-oriented transport-layer protocol like TCP is less suited for this task as it requires establishing an active connection before sending user data.

Wake-on-LAN can be a difficult technology to implement, because it requires appropriate BIOS/UEFI, network card and, sometimes, operating system and router support to function reliably. In some cases, hardware may wake from one low power state but not from others. This means that due to hardware issues the computer may be waking up from the "soft off state" (S5) but doesn't wake from sleep or hibernation or vice versa. Also, it is not always clear what kind of magic packet a NIC expects to see.

In that case, software tools like a packet analyzer can help with Wake-on-LAN troubleshooting as they allow confirming (while the PC is still on) that the magic packet is indeed visible to a particular computer's NIC. The same magic packet can then be used to find out if the computer powers up from an offline state. This allows networking issues to be isolated from other hardware issues. In some cases they also confirm that the packet was destined for a specific PC or sent to a broadcast address and they can additionally show the packet's internals. ff782bc1db