Turkish University

Methods: The study sample consisted of 314 students attending programs at the faculties of education, medicine and communications at the Karadeniz Technical University in Turkey. One hundred forty-seven (46.8 %) were male and 167 (53.2 %) female. The Problematic Internet Use Scale was used to measure problematic internet use levels among university students and the Eating Attitudes Test to determine anorexia nervosa symptoms. Additionally, a Personal Data Form was used to determine age, gender, faculty attended and computer ownership. Data were analyzed on SPSS 15.00. Pearson's product moments correlation coefficient, multiple linear regression analysis, the independent t test and one-way ANOVA were used for data analysis.

This is a list of universities in Turkey. There are 209 universities and academies in total: 129 state universities (eleven technical universities, one institutes of technology, and two fine arts university, one special national defense university, and one police academy), 76 private foundation universities, four two-year granting institutions.[1]

Turkish University

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The Faculty of Language and Linguistics has long prided itself in the breadth and depth of language offerings provided to Georgetown and consortium students. Turkish has three language levels offered each academic year, starting each fall for a yearlong sequence. Turkish is taught with intensive courses at the beginning level (12 credits in one academic year) and non-intensive courses at the intermediate and advanced levels. Depending upon funding, there are advanced content courses in Turkish. The strong Turkish language offerings are complemented by diverse courses relevant to the region taught in English across the university.

The important finding here is that knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors all affect a university student's nutrition. Desire for a thin body size is another factor that especially affects nutritional status in women. Half of the students were concerned about their body size, and > 60% were dissatisfied with their weight [9]. Nowak [10], concluded that weight-conscious adolescents, especially girls, exhibited restrictive eating practices and a preoccupation with a slim image. Adolescents need a food culture based on foods to eat rather than foods to avoid, and an understanding of suitable weight-control measures.

In this study, most of the students were in the normal body weight range (69.5% males, 77.7% females). Also, it was found that 25.1% of males were overweight, and 16.3% of females were underweight. It appears that females paid more attention to maintaining an ideal body weight than males. In a study with university students in Turkey, it was found that 32.6% of females had BMIs of < 20 kg/m2 [17]. In another study, students who perceived themselves as being overweight were found to have a mean BMI of 23.5 kg/m2, whereas a group of students with a mean BMI of 20.1 kg/m2 evaluated themselves as being underweight. It was concluded that young adults have insufficient knowledge about healthy body weight and weight-control practices [18].

An energy intake of < 67% RDA was found in 78.4% of men and in 81.1% of women in this study. Also, high percentages of fiber (77.2%), calcium (63.5%), and folate (52.7%) deficiencies were found in males, while iron (80.7%), calcium (68.2%), and folate (64.4%) deficiencies were high in females. Dietary intakes of calcium, fiber, and cholesterol were lower than recommended in Agriculture University students aged 22-26 years in Pakistan [28]. Eighty two percent of male students and 21% of female students had lower than recommended energy intakes. In another study, mean energy intakes were lower than Spanish recommendations in male (2,462 vs. 2,988 kcal/d) and female (1,912 vs. 2,295 kcal/d) university students [29]. In the same study, the mean intakes of magnesium for males; and iron, magnesium, and zinc for females were also lower than recommended. However, calcium intakes were higher than recommended levels in both genders. Similarly, the percentages of iron intake deficiency were also higher in females in this study. In Turkey, iron deficiency anemia is an important public health problem among young children and especially in women of childbearing age. The possible causes of anemia are low intake of iron, low bioavailability of iron, parasitic infections, and high consumption of foods containing substances that inhibit iron absorption, such as tea [30]. Calcium intake was lower than recommended in this study. In general, cheese and yoghurt were the main sources of calcium in diets. Dairy products were consumed at dinner and lunch., High milk consumption at breakfast to increase calcium intake would be beneficial. Total protein, iron, vitamin B12, niacin, and zinc intakes were higher in males than females, and depended on the higher consumption of foods such as meat, eggs, etc, obtained from animals.

In this study, dinner was the largest contributor of energy in both genders. Breakfast and snacks were the smallest contributors of energy in both males and females. Similar results were found for adolescents. Breakfast also contributed the smallest amount of energy for adolescent males [31]. The intakes of carbohydrate, total and saturated fat were found to be lowest for breakfast. In our study, students ate more bread, cereals, and meat at dinner than at other meals or during snacks. Total fat consumption was found to be higher at lunch and dinner than at breakfast and snacks because of greater food consumption during these main meals. Also, bread, meat, and sweet consumption were significantly higher in males than females. Students ate more sweets in snacks than at other meals. Luebke and Driskel [32], reported that most of students at a Midwestern university ate sugary foods 1 to 3 times per week or once daily. According to their study, 25% of the students reported eating sugary foods more than once daily. The average sucrose consumption in all subjects (Thai undergraduate students) was 69 38 g/day, ranging from 4 to 182 g/day, or 17 teaspoons of added sucrose per day [33]. In this study, daily sweet consumption (especially sugar) was found to be 38.9 2.79 g/d for male and 28.8 2.01 g/d for female students (Table 4). It was suggested that sugar consumption of Turkish university students was lower than the results reported in the other study.

In a previous study it was reported that red meat, cereals, and fast food were consumed more often by males, and that low-fat dairy products such as whole grain products and breakfast cereals were consumed more often by females. The most common choice for snacks was fruit [34]. Fruits were also consumed more often in snacks than in other meals by both genders in our study. Lunch and dinner were the main meals for vegetable consumption by both males and females. However, there was no difference between the amounts of fruits and vegetables consumed by both genders. The percentages of students consuming < 400 grams of total fruits and vegetables were 66.5%, 63.1% for male and female university students, respectively. In a study conducted in Turkey, it was found that compared to male students, female students were more likely to eat fruit and vegetables [35]. Male students were less likely to eat fruit instead of dessert. Vegetables were more preferred by female students at lunch and dinner and this study showed that Turkish students do not eat enough fruits and vegetables; therefore nutrition education efforts must be targeted towards students. Similarly, in a study performed to establish the status of nutrition and incorrect nutritional behaviors in 538 students from the Faculty of Medicine, it was found that only 36% of students ate fruits and vegetables once a day [36]. In a study in Greece, fruit and vegetable intake was favorably related to intakes of dietary fiber, calcium, magnesium, potassium, folate, and vitamins C, E, A, B1 and B6, and inversely related to the intakes of saturated and trans fatty acids, and cholesterol in medical students [37].

United States citizens who are currently enrolled in undergraduate or graduate degree programs are eligible to apply.If you are currently enrolled in an undergraduate or graduate program at a U.S. college or university, you will apply through that institution, even if you are not currently a resident there. Find the Fulbright Program Adviser on your campus.

Candidates with dual U.S.-Turkish citizenship are eligible to apply. However, dual citizens are not eligible if either of the following applies: (1) The candidate received a degree from a university in Turkey; (2) The candidate resided in Turkey for more than a consecutive year within the past five years.

The medium of instruction at Boazi University, Hacettepe University, hsan Doramac Bilkent University, Ko University, zyein University, Middle East Technical University, and Sabanc University is English. However, if a candidate receives an acceptance from a university with Turkish medium of instruction, proficiency in Turkish language is required.

The university's international graduate exchange programmes allow students to earn dual diplomas at American partner institutions, and there are many double major programmes on offer, along with more than 900 international partnerships and a large number of programmes on offer via Erasmus.

It is the only university in Turkey that allows students to choose their own programmes. Students follow a set curriculum in the first year, then have the opportunity to choose classes across all disciplines.

Every student at Sabanc University must do an internship before they graduate. The career development and internship office at the university provides students with career counselling and helps students to find internships.

The university consists of colleges of social sciences and humanities, administrative sciences and economics, science, engineering, law, nursing and medicine. The majority of courses are taught in English, aside from courses within the colleges of nursing and law. 006ab0faaa