Train Horn Sound Effect Download

FRA developed a MS Excel spreadsheet model as a tool to assess noise impacts from train horns in the vicinity of highway-rail grade crossings. The model predicts noise levels to the side of the railway and the anticipated effects using FRA noise impact criteria.

Noise in our environment can be described by three characteristics -- loudness, pitch, and time variation. Loudness is the intensity of sound or sound energy, and is described in terms of decibels (dB). For example, the louder the sound, the greater the decibel value. Pitch is the note or wavelength of the sound. There are many high and low pitch sounds that are inaudible to people, but can be heard by other animals or measured by instruments. For example, train wheel rumble is a low pitch sound and a squeal is a high pitch sound. Time Variation is the pattern of the sound being described over time. Time variation is used in combination with loudness and pitch to determine the sound energy exposure from a particular noise during a period of time, such as a 24 hour day.

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Train horns are installed on locomotives to warn motorists or pedestrians of an approaching train at a highway-rail grade crossing. In many geographic locations, and during much of the year, motor vehicles operate with windows rolled up, air conditioning systems and radios in use. Therefore, audible warning signals must be sufficiently loud to be perceived. Unfortunately, the locomotive horn can significantly disturb those living or working near highway-rail grade crossings. A comparison of general noise levels from various commonly-experienced noise sources in our environment as well as typical ambient noise levels in the last column are shown in Figure 1. For instance, the noise resulting from the sounding of train horns has a similar impact to that of low flying aircraft and emergency vehicle sirens.

The preferred descriptor for environmental noise assessments is the day-night sound level (Ldn). Ldn provides an accurate measure of the overall "noise climate"of an area. Rather than representing the moment to moment variation in sound levels, Ldn describes the cumulative effect of all noise sources over a longer period of time. Typical Ldn's in various areas are shown in Figure 2

(For example, noise from locomotive horns on a busy railroad at a 100 foot distance is somewhat louder than being 1 to 3 miles from the end of a busy airport runway, but at the 1000 feet away the train horn noise is similar to the average urban noise environment.)

Introduction of train horn noise may have two undesirable effects. First, it may significantly increase existing noise levels in the community beyond those to which residents have become accustomed. This effect is called "relative" noise impact. Evaluation of this effect is "relative" to existing noise levels. Relative criteria are based upon noise increases above existing levels. Second, newly-introduced horn noise may interfere with community activities, independent of existing noise levels. For example, it may be simply too loud to converse or to sleep normally. This effect is called the "absolute" noise impact, because it is expressed as a fixed level not to be exceeded and is independent of existing noise levels. Both of these effects, relative and absolute, enter into the assessment of noise impacts. These two types of impact, relative and absolute, are combined for use as the noise criteria shown in Figure 4.

FRA's noise impact criteria are what is known as "ambient-based" criteria - they measure the impact of a change in the noise environment due to the introduction of a new noise source. As such, these criteria are ideal for determining the effect of re-introducing the sounding of the locomotive horn in urban and suburban communities where there was a previously existing whistle ban. For residential areas, the new noise environment with horns is computed in terms of Ldn and is compared with the prior ambient noise without horn blowing. The impact of the change in the noise environment is assessed and categorized as - No Impact, Impact, or Severe Impact.

The Federal Railroad Administration has developed a noise computation method to assess the noise impact of train horns in the vicinity of highway-rail grade crossings. This method uses a special train horn noise model to predict noise levels to the side of the railway which incorporates the FRA noise impact criteria.

Noise from horns is analyzed by considering the problem in terms of a Source-Path-Receiver framework. The Source generates close-by noise levels, which depend on the type of source and its operating characteristics. The Path of sound between the source and the receivers includes the intervening distance, obstacles, terrain features and structures. The Receiver is the noise-sensitive land use exposed to sound from the source. The FRA horn noise model incorporates all three elements of the noise analysis as they relate to train horns near grade crossings.

Reference Level. Although the maximum sound output of a horn can be determined in a laboratory, it is how the horn is sounded and perceived in the real world that determines its effect on the surrounding environment. Development of a source reference level to use in the horn noise model was based on field measurements at grade crossings from many railroads. Rather than employing a single reference level, a reference level that varies along the railroad beginning at 1/4 mile in advance and ending at the crossing was found to be more accurate. Field measurement data show an average Reference SEL of 107 dBA at 100 feet from the nearest track represents the horn noise in the distance from 1/4 mile to 1/8 mile from a crossing. Starting at the 1/8 mile point, the data show the horn is sounded more continuously, and more loudly, in the last part of the blowing sequence as the train reaches the crossing. Consequently, the SEL is assumed to increase linearly to 110 dBA at the roadways, as shown in Figure 5.

Day-night Sound Levels. The reference SEL and the number of train movements through a crossing during day and night are used as the basis for calculating the day-night sound level (Ldn) for assessment with the FRA noise impact criteria.

Sound propagation is the way sound spreads and dissipates from its source, and depends on several variables. The key effects of geometric spreading (divergence), ground effects, atmospheric effects, and shielding are built into the horn noise model as described in the following. The final result of the assumed propagation effects are shown in Figure 6.

Divergence . The sound from a horn is assumed to act as if it were emitting from a moving point source, which when averaged over the length of track looks like a line source. Therefore, there is a 3 dB reduction for every distance doubling applies.

Atmospheric effects. The horn noise model does not take into account atmospheric effects such as air temperature and humidity, assuming that if averaged over an entire year, the average condition is a uniform, quiescent atmosphere.

Noise impact criteria used by FRA are based on noise exposure increases. Consequently, the existing noise exposure at every grade crossing must be estimated for in order to compare future noise exposure from the sounding of the locomotive horn. Trains are assumed to be the dominant existing noise source in the immediate vicinity of the tracks. The train noise Ldn depends on the number of trains traversing the area day and night. At some distance from the track, however, a general ambient noise level is attained which is characteristic of the general ambient environment away from the influence of incidental railroad noise. According to U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, the typical ambient level in a suburban residential area is Ldn = 55 dBA and in an urban residential area is Ldn = 60 dBA. These levels represent the noise "floor" in the noise impact calculation method.

The noise model computes the horn noise in terms of Ldn as a function of distance from the tracks, and the train noise without horns as a function of distance down to a noise floor established by the existing ambient noise. The two resulting curves are compared at each distance until the noise impact criteria ratings of "Impact" and "Severe Impact" are reached. Since the original source model was a polygon with 5 sides, the impact areas will be similar polygons. An example of noise impact areas is shown in Figure 7.

This sound effect can be found on the Series 6000 Extension I Sound Effects Library, which was made by Sound Ideas. It was originally a Skywalker Sound sound effect created and debuted in Speed. The horn sampled is a Canadian tuned Nathan K3L owned by Canadian National EMD FP9A #6520 (then VIA Rail 6306). However in the 2006 movie Cars and the 2011 movie Cars 2 the horn is modified and an extra horn sound is added and the one heard in Cars is from NS #9559 and the one from Cars 2 is from CSX #452.

I'm going to do a project is that train horn sound detection by detection that sound the Arduino should produce an alarm sound in the speaker actually the concept is whenever the trespasser in train track crossing with headphones playing music in head phone they didn't hear the horn sound so I'm going made an prototype for detection of sound and pause the music in the headphone or make an alarm in head phone for this concept what kind of Arduino is compatible please help?

I suspect the OP has in mind a program that will be constantly running on everyone's phone (or whatever is playing music) and will sound an alarm in place of the music if it detects the sound of a train horn. And I don't think s/he is planning a system to deter people who are intent on suicide.

But leaving all that aside, the whole idea seems ridiculous when you consider the incredibly small percentage of the population that is at risk of being run down by a train because they did not hear the horn.

I've also been to a facility just near the rail tracks which used a train horn sound as the "call the night watchman" alarm. I think it was a horn from a different system, so the man himself could tell the difference but it was quite unnerving pushing a normal-looking doorbell button and having a train horn sound off at full volume just above you. e24fc04721