Following the brass rungs on the wall with your gaze, you discover that they form a rudimentary ladder!
The hand-holds lead to a sturdy catwalk hanging high above the regiment of automatons. You can see from the top of the stairs that it leads all the way across the room to an open archway on the other side of the chamber.
If you can cross the catwalk without making too much noise, you should be able to leave the chamber without alerting the automatons.
As you attempt to ascend the ladder and cross the chamber, you'll need to make a Stealth Check to avoid making a sound loud enough to draw their attention.