Ø The Mystic Mountain - The Mystic Mountain is actually one region of intense turbulence and high-energy stellar activity within the larger Carina Nebula. Pairs of opposing jets at the ends of these collapsing columns of gas are flung from accretion jets: hallmarks of stars being born. All that activity is eating the columns away from within, while it’s being burned away by other stars in its neighborhood. The denser, more opaque regions here have been resistant to the erosion. In this composite image, different colors correspond to the glow of different elements: oxygen in blue, hydrogen and nitrogen in green, and sulfur in red.

Ø The Pinwheel Galaxy - Messier 101 is found within Ursa Major, and it’s riddled with fun stuff. Supergiant star-forming regions litter the arms of this face-on spiral galaxy, of roughly equivalent size to the Milky Way but 23 million light years away.

Ø Orion the Hunter - Orion, the Hunter with his belt and sword, is a familiar presence in the night sky almost everywhere on the planet. It’s composed of very bright, faraway stars and nebulae, which means that long after apparent motion has distorted most of our other constellations beyond recognition, Orion will still shine as a beacon to people around the world.

Ø The Medusa Nebula - The Medusa Cascade might be a figment of the Doctor Who universe, but we’ve a gorgeous Medusa of our own in the real world — the Medusa Nebula. As the Sun-like star at the core of this nebula died, it exploded and left behind these wisps and filaments of gas and dust. Stars like this one end their lives as white dwarf stars. At the end of its life span, our sun will become an object like this.

Ø Freezing Star - We are taught that Stars are extremely hot bodies   of gas that emit heat and light due to chemical reactions.   However, in the vast universe that surrounds us, there are likely   many cold stars that have temperatures below freezing. One such   star known to humans is WISE0855−0714 which is a brown   dwarf having temperatures between -48 and −13 C. This example is a unique one and is still being studied to find the cause for such temperatures and the future of this star.

Ø Diamond Planet - Just when you think you know about space,   there comes along an extremely strange thing that you can find   only in space! The Diamond planet, known to scientists as ‘55   Cancri E’ is a planet that has a core made of carbon and judging   by the pressure and temperature of this planet, it is estimated   that most of this core may be in the form of diamonds. Though there is no scope of humans reaching this planet anytime soon, and the value of all this diamond has been evaluated at 27 nonillion dollars (27 followed by 30 zeros).

Ø Magnetic Cloud - A magnetic cloud is a transient event that occurs   on the surface of the Sun during solar winds. The magnetic cloud   occurs only if there is a very specific set of environmental   conditions present and lasts for a very short while. It results in   the creation of an area that has a very high magnetic pull which is not normally seen in space.

Ø Pillars of Creation - The Hubble Telescope was one of the   landmarks in human space exploration and pictures taken by this   telescope have given us great insight into space and have led to   the discovery of new things in outer space. One of the most   popular pictures taken by this telescope is nicknamed ‘Pillars of Creation’ and looks like a swirling landscape from a sci-fi movie. These pillars are actually masses of hydrogen and dust particles. These pillars are the initial stages of the birth of a star and this is what gave it this name.

Ø Asteroids - Asteroids are rocky, airless worlds that orbit our Sun. They are remnants left over from the formation of our solar system, ranging in size from the length of a car to about as wide as a large city. Asteroids are diverse in composition; some are metallic while others are rich in carbon, giving them a coal-black color. They can be “rubble piles,” loosely held together by their own gravity, or they can be solid rocks. Most of the asteroids in our solar system reside in a region called the main asteroid belt.

Ø Comet - Comets also orbit the Sun, but they are more like snowballs than space rocks. Each comet has a   center called a nucleus that contains icy chunks of frozen gases, along with   bits of rock and dust. When a comet’s orbit brings it close to the Sun, the   comet heats up and spews dust and gases, forming a giant, glowing ball   called a coma around its nucleus, along with two tails – one made of dust and   the other of excited gas (ions). Like asteroids, comets are leftover material   from the formation of our solar system around 4.6 billion years ago, and they preserve secrets from the earliest days of the Sun’s family. Some of Earth’s water and other chemical constituents could have been.  delivered by comet impacts.

Ø Meteoroids - Meteoroids are fragments and debris in space resulting from collisions among asteroids, comets, moons and planets. They are among the smallest “space rocks.” However, we can actually see them when they streak through our atmosphere in the form of meteors and meteor showers.

Ø Meteors - Meteors are meteoroids that fall through Earth’s atmosphere at extremely high speeds. The pressure and heat they generate as they push through the air causes them to glow and create a streak of light in the sky. Most burn up completely before touching the ground. We often refer to them as “shooting stars.” Meteors may be made mostly of rock, metal or a combination of the two.

Ø Dwarf Planets - Despite their small size, dwarf planets are worlds that are just as compelling as their   larger siblings. Dwarf planets are defined by astronomers as   bodies massive enough to be shaped by gravity into a round or   nearly round shape, but they don’t have enough of their own   gravitational muscle to clear their path of other objects as they   orbit the Sun. In our solar system, dwarf planets are mostly   found in the Kuiper Belt beyond Neptune; Pluto is the best-  known example. But the largest object in the asteroid belt is the dwarf planet Ceres. Like Pluto, Ceres shows signs of active geology, including ice volcanoes.

Ø Mysterious Radio Signals - Since 2007, researchers have been receiving ultrastrong, ultrabright radio signals lasting only a few milliseconds. These enigmatic flashes have been called fast radio bursts (FRBs), and they appear to be coming from billions of light-years away. Recently, scientists managed to capture a repeating FRB, which flashed six times in a row, the second such signal ever seen and one that could help them unravel this mystery.

Ø Haumea Has Rings - The dwarf planet Haumea, which orbits in the Kuiper Belt out beyond Neptune, is already unusual. It has a strange elongated shape, two moons and a day that lasts only 4 hours, making it the fastest-spinning large object in the solar system. But in 2017, Haumea got even weirder when astronomers watched it pass in front of a star and noticed extremely thin rings orbiting around it, likely the result of a collision sometime in the distant past.

Ø Infrared Stream from Space - Neutron stars are extremely dense objects formed after the death of a regular star. Normally, they emit radio waves or higher-energy radiation such as X-rays, but in September 2018, astronomers found a long stream of infrared light coming from a neutron star 800 light-years away from Earth — something never before observed. The researchers proposed that a disk of dust surrounding the neutron star could be generating the signal, but the ultimate explanation has yet to be found.

Ø Rogue Planet with Auroras - Drifting through the galaxy are rogue planets, which have been flung away from their parent star by gravitational forces. One particular peculiarity in this class is known as SIMP J01365663+0933473, a planet-size object 200 light-years away whose magnetic field is more than 200 times stronger than Jupiter's. This is strong enough to generate flashing auroras in its atmosphere, which can be seen with radio telescopes.