A cube is a 3 dimensional (3D) box, where all sides are the same size.
It can also be called a regular hexahedron.
b = base
A cuboid is a 3 dimensional (3D) box, where not all sides are the same size.
b = base, h = height, d = depth
or l = length, w = width and h = height
A prism is a 3 dimensional (3D) shape where the cross-section remains the same throughout the entire depth or height.
d = depth of the prism or h = height of prism
Square Prism - also just called a cuboid.
Rectangular prism - also just called a cuboid.
Triangular Prism
Trapezium Prism
Circular Prism, often just called a cylinder.
A pyramid is a 3 dimensional (3D) shape where each vertex of a base meet at a one point called the apex.
h = height of the pyramid
Square-based Pyramid or Square Pyramid
Hexagonal-based Pyramid or Hexagonal Pyramid
Triangular-based Pyramid or Triangular Pyramid or Tetrahedron
Circular-based Pyramid or Circular Pyramid, often just called a cone.
A sphere is a 3 dimensional ball.
A hemisphere is half of a sphere.