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ossec-syscheckd is able to check file integrity in near realtime on Windows and modern Linux distros. Windows comes with support out of the box, but on Linux systems inotify packages may need to be installed. Check for inotify dev packages, and possibly an inotify-tools package.

Now, we need to configure syscheck properly to monitor the desired files. Also, here is where the activation of the option that will show the changes in the content is done. Open /var/ossec/etc/shared/agent.conf file and add this lines:

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As mentioned before, Wazuh agents come configured with a default set of syscheck configurations in the default ossec.conf file. Therefore, anything you wish to keep from the default configuration should be added to the shared configuration.

One obvious way you can complement FIM is by utilizing the file hashes that are generated by syscheck . Wazuh is modular and extensible and already has integrations for YARA and VirusTotal. Once added, you could use those extensions to check file hashes for known signatures.

You can configure AlienVault HIDS to perform File Integrity Monitoring (FIM), which identifies changes in system files, folders, and Microsoft Windows registries. The process that identifies these changes is syscheck. The syscheck process scans the host at user-defined intervals and stores checksums of watched files. The system then generates an event when a checksum changes.

In addition to using syscheck, you can also configure Windows systems so that AlienVault HIDS agents forward object access audit events for USM Appliance to process. These events provide more information on operations affecting file and folder objects, such as who performed specific actions or operations on an object. For more information, see Configuring Windows Systems to View Windows Audit Object Access Events.

Every HIDS agent includes an ossec.conf file with some default settings for syscheck. On Microsoft Windows hosts, you can find this file in C:\Program Files (x86)\ossec-agent, and on Linux, in /var/ossec/etc.

Default settings for the ossec.conf file stored on a host system are configured when the HIDS agent is first installed or deployed on a host system. In addition, an ossec.conf file containing syscheck and other global options is defined and stored on theUSM Appliance Server. For more information on viewing and configuring this file, see To configureUSM Appliance server-side (global) ossec.conf settings.

After a few a days of running the default configuration, you may notice that the alarm volume drops off dramatically from the FIM. The default configuration automatically ignores any file that changes beyond the third change, assuming the changes are a part of the normal operation. While this helps with the volume of the alerts, it may not satisfy your compliance requirements. To receive these alerts, we need to disable the auto_ignore feature of syscheck daemon by setting it to no.

When the syscheck daemon detects a new file, it silently creates an entry using this new file's attributes as the baseline. A file's initial state is considered clean and only changes to that state will trigger alerts. If you wish to receive notifications when a file is added to a directory, you may tell OSSEC to notify you by setting alert_new_files to yes.

Now that we have enabled comprehensive alerting on changes to files and directories, we can start to fine-tune the performance of the syscheck daemon. By default, a restart of OSSEC' syscheck daemon starts a scan of all the directories being monitored. This may not be ideal if you need to restart OSSEC for configuration changes in the middle of your peak utilization. To be safe, we disable the startup scan by setting scan_on_start to no.

This means we can relax our scanner further and schedule the full scan to run at a low usage time during the day. We configured syscheck to start scans at 3 A.M., after a minimum of 23 hours (82,800 seconds) since the last scan. For the /etc, /usr/bin and /usr/sbin directories, we enable the realtime notifications if they are supported on the host system. File modifications in these directories will be scanned as they occur at 3 A.M. everyday. For the remaining directories, the realtime option hasn't been enabled, so they will only be scanned once per day at 3 A.M.

On some Linux systems, prelinking is enabled by default. Prelinking decreases application startup time but makes changes to the binary file. These changes trigger alerts in any FIM solution. To cut down on alerting due to prelinking, OSSEC added the ability to send the binary files through the prelink verification process. This process is expensive, but if you are seeing a high volume of alerts caused by prelinking, you can add this to the syscheck section of your ossec.conf file:

You will see a raw list of all the files modified and you will see that /etc/pkf/filename is there listed as well, so it means OSSEC is working and syscheck is working. Another way to verify is to head over to your Alienvault Server and go to 2351a5e196