Mercury

Mercury is a little more than 1/3 the width of Earth. If Earth were the size of a nickel, Mercury would be about as big as a blueberry. It's diameter is 3032 miles (4879 km). Mercury's surface resembles that of Earth's Moon, scarred by many impact craters resulting from collisions with meteoroids and comets. Instead of an atmosphere, Mercury possesses a thin exosphere made up of atoms blasted off the surface by the solar wind and striking meteoroids. It is the both the smallest planet and the closest to the Sun. It takes mercury 88 earth days to revolve around the Sun. Since Mercury is so close to the sun and it doesn't have a atmosphere the temperatures during the day can get as high as 800°F (430°C) and during the night they can get as low as -290°F (-180°C). Shockingly, Mercury isn't the hottest planet in our solar system. It's difficult to know who discovered Mercury because it's been known since ancient times and many cultures have observed it for thousands of years. But it was first observed through telescopes in the seventeenth century by astronomers Galileo Galilei and Thomas Harriot. Mercury is named after the Roman messenger god, who was known in Greek mythology as Hermes.

SOURCE!! Mercury!! (no its not the moon)

Fun Facts!:

Mercury is 0.4 astronomical units away from the Sun. One astronomical unit (abbreviated as AU), is the distance from the Sun to Earth. From this distance, it takes sunlight 3.2 minutes to travel from the Sun to Mercury.
Mercury spins slowly on its axis and completes one rotation every 59 Earth days. But when Mercury is moving fastest in its orbit around the Sun (and it is closest to the Sun), each rotation is not accompanied by sunrise and sunset like it is on most other planets. The morning Sun appears to rise briefly, set, and rise again from some parts of the planet's surface. The same thing happens in reverse at sunset for other parts of the surface. One full day-night cycle on Mercury equals 176 Earth days – just over two years on Mercury.
Mercury may have water ice at its north and south poles inside deep craters, but only in regions in permanent shadows. In those shadows, it could be cold enough to preserve water ice despite the high temperatures on sunlit parts of the planet.

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