Kurzgesagt – In a Nutshell
Kurzgesagt – In a Nutshell
– Rogue planets are planets that travel through the universe alone
#Rogue planet, 2018
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rogue_planet
#New Rogue Planet Found, Closest to our Solar System, 2012
https://www.universetoday.com/98478/new-rogue-planet-found-closest-to-our-solar-system/
– Very different things get called rogue planets. For example sub-brown dwarfs
#Sub-brown dwarf, 2018
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sub-brown_dwarf#cite_note-Luhman20140421-3
– … enormous gas giants that formed from collapsing gas clouds like stars...
#Growing the gas-giant planets by the gradual accumulation of pebbles, 2015
https://www.nature.com/articles/nature14675
– … and brown dwarfs
#Brown Dwarf Detectives, 2007
https://www.nasa.gov/vision/universe/starsgalaxies/brown_dwarf_detectives.html
#Searching for Alien Life? Try Failed Stars, 2011
https://www.space.com/11268-alien-life-brown-dwarfs-failed-stars.html
– Proto planets are battling for the available mass
#How Planets Are Born, 2016
http://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/12278
– A Very massive planet can kick smaller planets out of the system
#The Steppenwolf: A proposal for a habitable planet in interstellar space, 2011
http://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/2041-8205/735/2/L27/meta
Cited paper:
#Timescales for planetary accretion and the structure of the protoplanetary disk, 1987
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/0019103587901047
#Orphan Planets: It's a Hard Knock Life, 2005
https://www.space.com/818-orphan-planets-hard-knock-life.html
– Planetary systems can be disrupted by fly-bys
#The Steppenwolf: A proposal for a habitable planet in interstellar space, 2011
http://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/2041-8205/735/2/L27/meta
Cited article:
#The Frozen Earth: Binary Scattering Events and the Fate of the Solar System, 2000
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0019103500963553
#Planet–planet scattering alone cannot explain the free-floating planet population, 2012
https://academic.oup.com/mnrasl/article/421/1/L117/989048
– Up to half of all planets born could end up as rogues
#Orphan Planets: It's a Hard Knock Life, 2005
https://www.space.com/818-orphan-planets-hard-knock-life.html
#The demographics of rocky free-floating planets and their detectability by WFIRST, 2017
https://arxiv.org/pdf/1704.08749.pdf
– There are at the very least billions of rogue planets in the milky way alone
#Unbound or distant planetary mass population detected by gravitational microlensing, 2011
https://www.nature.com/articles/nature10092
#No large population of unbound or wide-orbit Jupiter-mass planets, 2017
– The planet's surface quickly cools down to -270° Celsius
#How Cold is Space?, 2013
https://www.universetoday.com/77070/how-cold-is-space/
– Their atmosphere will sink down to the surface and eventually freeze too
#The Steppenwolf: A proposal for a habitable planet in interstellar space, 2011
http://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/2041-8205/735/2/L27/meta
– There is one indispensable ingredient it needs: Liquid water
#Wandering Planets, 2016
http://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/12250
– Annoyingly about 99.97% of earth's energy budget comes from the sun
#Prediction of solar radiation for solar systems by using ANN models with different back propagation algorithms, 2016
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1665642316300438#bbib0035
#Sustainable Program Management, 2013
– Earth's inner core is a giant metal ball, about as hot as the surface of the sun
#Earth's Core 1,000 Degrees Hotter Than Expected, 2013
https://www.livescience.com/29054-earth-core-hotter.html
– If the the planet had an extremely dense and high-pressure hydrogen atmosphere
#Life-sustaining planets in interstellar space?, 1999
https://www.nature.com/articles/21811
#Wasserstoff, 2018
http://www.chemie.de/lexikon/Wasserstoff.html
– A large enough moon could inject additional energy into the system
#The Steppenwolf: A proposal for a habitable planet in interstellar space, 2011
http://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/2041-8205/735/2/L27/meta
Cited paper:
#The Survival Rate of Ejected Terrestrial Planets with Moons, 2007
http://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1086/523103/meta
#A Sub-Earth-Mass Moon Orbiting a Gas Giant Primary or a High Velocity Planetary System in the Galactic Bulge, 2013
https://arxiv.org/abs/1312.3951
– The most likely scenario for a rogue with life are subglacial oceans
#Wandering in the Void, Billions of Rogue Planets without a Home, 2017
#The Steppenwolf: A proposal for a habitable planet in interstellar space, 2011
http://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/2041-8205/735/2/L27/meta
– We already have a few of those in the solar system
#Subsurface oceans and deep interiors of medium-sized outer planet satellites and large trans-neptunian objects, 2006
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0019103506002016
– There are hydrothermal vents called black smokers
#Hydrothermal vent, 2018
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydrothermal_vent#cite_note-:0-1
#Hydrothermal vents and prebiotic chemistry: a review, 2016
– Bacteria feed on the minerals and produce organic materials
#Iron and sulfide oxidation within the basaltic ocean crust: implications for chemolithoautotrophic microbial biomass production, 2003
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0016703703003041?via%3Dihub
– The place where life could have begun on earth, billions of years ago
#Submarine Hydrothermal Vents and Associated Gradient Environments as Sites for the Origin and Evolution of Life, 1985
– The most likely form of life are bacteria and other microorganisms
#Viable cyanobacteria in the deep continental subsurface, 2018
http://www.pnas.org/content/115/42/10702
#Atmospheric trace gases support primary production in Antarctic desert surface soil, 2017
https://www.nature.com/articles/nature25014
– Until the core of their planet cools off and and all life vanishes
#The Steppenwolf: A proposal for a habitable planet in interstellar space, 2011
http://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/2041-8205/735/2/L27/meta