Understanding Piles: Causes, Symptoms, and Treatment Options

What Are Piles?

Piles are swollen blood vessels in the lower rectum and anus. They can be internal or external. Internal piles develop inside the rectum and are usually painless but may cause bleeding. External piles occur under the skin around the anus and can be painful and itchy.

Causes of Piles

Several factors contribute to the development of piles. Some of the most common causes include:

1. Chronic Constipation – Straining during bowel movements puts excessive pressure on the rectal veins, leading to swelling.

2. Prolonged Sitting or Standing – Long hours in the same position can increase pressure on the anal region.

3. Low-Fiber Diet – A diet lacking in fiber can lead to hard stools, making bowel movements difficult and straining the rectal veins.

4. Obesity – Excess body weight increases pressure on the lower rectum, making piles more likely to develop.

5. Pregnancy – Hormonal changes and increased pressure on the pelvic area can contribute to piles in pregnant women.

6. Aging – As people age, the tissues supporting rectal veins weaken, increasing the risk of developing piles.

7. Genetics – A family history of hemorrhoids can increase the chances of developing the condition.

Symptoms of Piles

The symptoms of piles vary depending on their severity and location. Common signs include:

• Bleeding during bowel movements (bright red blood)

• Itching or irritation in the anal area

• Swelling or lumps near the anus

• Pain or discomfort, especially while sitting

• Mucus discharge after passing stools

• A feeling of incomplete bowel evacuation

If you notice any of these symptoms, it is advisable to seek consultation from an experienced piles specialist.

Diagnosis of Piles

A doctor will diagnose piles based on a physical examination and medical history. The following methods may be used:

• Visual Inspection – External piles are visible and can be examined physically.

• Digital Rectal Examination (DRE) – A lubricated, gloved finger is inserted into the rectum to feel for abnormalities.

• Anoscopy or Proctoscopy – A small, lighted tube is used to examine the rectum for internal piles.

Treatment Options for Piles

Piles can be managed through various treatment approaches depending on the severity of the condition.

1. Home Remedies and Lifestyle Changes

Mild cases of piles can often be treated at home with simple lifestyle modifications:

• High-Fiber Diet – Eating fiber-rich foods such as fruits, vegetables, and whole grains softens stools and prevents constipation.

• Hydration – Drinking plenty of water helps in smooth bowel movements.

• Regular Exercise – Physical activity improves digestion and reduces pressure on rectal veins.

• Sitz Baths – Soaking the anal area in warm water for 15–20 minutes helps relieve pain and irritation.

• Topical Creams and Ointments – Over-the-counter medications containing hydrocortisone or witch hazel can reduce inflammation and discomfort.

2. Medical Treatments

For moderate to severe cases, medical intervention may be necessary:

• Rubber Band Ligation – A rubber band is placed around the base of the hemorrhoid to cut off blood supply, causing it to shrink and fall off.

• Sclerotherapy – A chemical solution is injected into the hemorrhoid, causing it to shrink over time.

• Infrared Coagulation – A heat-based technique that coagulates the blood vessels, leading to shrinkage of hemorrhoids.

3. Surgical Treatments

When conservative treatments fail, surgical options are considered:

• Hemorrhoidectomy – Surgical removal of severe or prolapsed hemorrhoids.

• Stapled Hemorrhoidopexy – A procedure that repositions and removes excess tissue, reducing hemorrhoidal swelling.

• Laser Treatment – A minimally invasive, painless, and highly effective method to treat piles with precision. Many patients seeking treatment from the Best Piles Doctor in Raipur opt for laser surgery due to its quick recovery time and minimal complications.

Preventing Piles

Prevention is always better than cure. Here are some tips to reduce the risk of developing piles:

• Maintain a high-fiber diet to prevent constipation.

• Drink sufficient water throughout the day.

• Avoid straining during bowel movements.

• Exercise regularly to improve bowel function and circulation.

• Avoid sitting for prolonged periods; take breaks to move around.

• Practice good anal hygiene to prevent irritation and infections.

Conclusion

Piles are a common yet manageable condition that affects many people. Early diagnosis and proper treatment can prevent complications and improve quality of life. If you are experiencing symptoms of piles, it is essential to consult a medical expert to receive the best care possible. The Best Piles Doctor in Chhattisgarh can help you with personalized treatment plans, whether through home remedies, medical procedures, or advanced surgical options like laser treatment. By making lifestyle changes and seeking timely medical care, you can effectively manage piles and lead a healthier life.