Son of a diplomat Sir Sita Ram and born in Meerut, Chandra enrolled in Allahabad University in 1940 as an undergraduate student when the department of history was headed by Sir Shafaat Ahmad Khan (1893-1948) and had acquired a reputation for research in medieval Indian history based on original sources. It was fostering a nationalist and liberal school of history writing which underlined the evolving cultures of harmony between different faiths in India since the earliest times. It brought forth the thesis that the Turks and Mughals furthered the political and cultural unity of India, and that colonial subjugation could not make the claim that this unity was a contribution of the British alone.
Having seen prospects of becoming a professor in Aligarh dashed, the disappointed Chandra had to move to Delhi in 1962. From there he moved on to Jaipur and explored Rajasthani sources to develop regional histories of medieval India. He then joined Jawaharlal Nehru University (JNU) as one of its founding faculty. It was only after his pursuits that some other scholars like Dilbagh Singh (JNU) and S. P. Gupta (AMU) delved into Rajasthani sources to provide new dimensions to the Mughal and 18th-century history of India.
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