Publisher: Open Journals Nigeria (OJN)
Title: PROXIMATE ANALYSIS AND HEALTH RISK ASSESSMENT OF HEAVY METAL POLLUTANT OF WATER AND SEDIMENTS IN OSUN RIVER
Author: Ashaolu V. O.
Date of Publication: September 15, 2020
Type: RESEARCH ARTICLE
Volume: 1; Issue: 2, Pages: 01-08 (2020)
Citation style language: Creative Commons Attribution License 4.0 International License
Pollution Type: Heavy metal pollution
Impact Dimension:

• Ecological: Fish growth disturbances, immune-suppression, histopathological damage

• Human: Reduced mental/CNS function, organ damage (lungs/kidneys/liver), muscular/neurological degeneration (mimicking Alzheimer's/Parkinson's), cancer risk (Zn, Pb, Cr, Se, Ni, Co, Cd)

• Acute/chronic toxicity from environmental/dietary exposure
  
  

• Actor Type:

• Industries: Chemical complexes, steel/paper mills, cement factories, paint/dye plants, detergent/soap manufacturers

• Oil pumps

• Light industrial units discharging untreated effluents
  
  

• Response Type:

• Constant water body assessment

• Proximate analysis of water/sediments

• Recommendation for further studies
  
  

• Evidence Type:

• Water/sediment sampling (5 sites, July 2018–April 2019)

• Proximate analysis (physicochemical properties, nutrients, heavy metals)

• IITA analytical methods

• pH measurement (digital pH meter)

• Metal determination (atomic absorption spectrophotometer)

• Organic matter (weight loss after burning)
  
  

• Policy Mention:

• WHO standards

• EPA (2002)

• EC (1998)

• WPCL (2004)

• NOAA (2009)
  
  

• Key Finding:

• No health-threatening heavy metals detected

• Water nutrients: Calcium (5.11±0.04ppm), Magnesium (0.54±0.004ppm), Potassium (1.28±0.01ppm), Iron (0.05±0.00ppm)

• Sediment nutrients: Zinc (21.99±2.67ppm), Iron (261.6±2.00ppm), Manganese (105.6±0.50ppm)

• Water hardness from Ca/Mg; sediments sandy (84%) and acidic

• No industrial waste/effluent discharge detected

• Ammonia/nitrate absent in sediments

• River water/aquatic food certified non-toxic
  
  

• Health Risk Projection:

• No public health threat from heavy metals

• Water safe for moderate consumption/domestic use within WHO limits
  
  

• URL: openjournalsnigeria.org.ng/pub/ojer20200201.pdf; www.openjournalsnigeria.org.ng
  DOI: https://doi.org/10.52417/ojer.v1i2.146
  ISBN, ISSN, PMID: Not available

Note: Contradicts other studies by concluding no heavy metal threats. Impact dimension condensed while preserving all cited health/ecological risks. Actor types specify polluting industries. Key findings highlight nutrient dominance and absence of toxicity claims.