What Is Alcohol Use Disorder?

Alcohol Use Disorder is a chronic but treatable condition characterized by an inability to control alcohol consumption despite negative consequences. It exists on a spectrum, ranging from mild to severe, and is not defined simply by how much a person drinks, but by how alcohol affects their life.

AUD is not a moral failing or lack of willpower—it is a complex condition involving the brain, behaviour, emotions, and environment.

Common Signs and Symptoms of Alcohol Use Disorder

Alcohol-related problems often develop gradually. Some common signs include:

Behavioural Signs

• Drinking more or longer than intended

• Unsuccessful attempts to cut down or stop drinking

• Spending significant time obtaining, using, or recovering from alcohol

• Neglecting work, studies, or family responsibilities

Psychological & Emotional Signs

• Craving or strong urge to drink

• Irritability, anxiety, or low mood when not drinking

• Using alcohol to cope with stress, sadness, or anger

• Denial or defensiveness about drinking behaviour

Physical Signs

• Increased tolerance (needing more alcohol for the same effect)

• Withdrawal symptoms such as sweating, tremors, nausea, or insomnia

• Fatigue and frequent headaches

Causes and Risk Factors

Alcohol Use Disorder develops due to a combination of factors:

• Genetic vulnerability

• Brain chemistry changes caused by repeated alcohol use

• Stressful life events or trauma

• Mental health conditions such as depression or anxiety

• Social influences and cultural norms

• Early exposure to alcohol

No single factor causes AUD—it is the result of multiple influences interacting over time.

Impact of Alcohol Use Disorder

On Mental Health

• Depression and anxiety

• Mood swings and irritability

• Memory and concentration problems

• Increased risk of self-harm

On Physical Health

• Liver disease and digestive issues

• Heart problems and high blood pressure

• Weakened immune system

• Sleep disorders

On Relationships & Social Life

• Family conflicts and breakdown of trust

• Domestic violence and emotional neglect

• Work-related problems and financial stress

• Social isolation

Alcohol Use Disorder and Co-Occurring Mental Health Conditions

Many individuals with AUD also experience dual diagnosis, where alcohol misuse coexists with conditions such as:

• Depression

• Anxiety disorders

• Trauma-related disorders

• Personality difficulties

Treating only alcohol use without addressing underlying emotional issues often leads to relapse. Integrated psychological care is essential.

Treatment and Recovery: There Is Hope

Recovery from Alcohol Use Disorder is possible with the right support and commitment. Treatment focuses not only on stopping alcohol use but also on healing the mind and rebuilding life skills.

Effective Treatment Approaches Include:

• Motivational counselling to strengthen readiness for change

• Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT) to modify harmful thought patterns

• Relapse prevention strategies

• Family counselling to restore trust and communication

• Stress management and emotional regulation skills

• Medical support when required for detoxification

Recovery is a journey, not a one-time event, and setbacks are part of the process—not failure.

When Should You Seek Professional Help?

You should consider counselling or professional support if:

• Alcohol use is affecting your health, work, or relationships

• You feel unable to stop drinking on your own

• You drink to manage emotions or stress

• Loved ones have expressed concern

• You experience withdrawal symptoms

Early intervention leads to better outcomes and prevents long-term damage.

A Message of Compassion and Encouragement

Living with Alcohol Use Disorder can feel isolating and overwhelming, but help is available. With empathy, evidence-based therapy, and consistent support, individuals can regain control, rebuild relationships, and lead meaningful, fulfilling lives.

Seeking help is not a sign of weakness—it is a courageous step toward healing.