The report is the product of a year-long analysis by the nonpartisan Council on Criminal Justice (CCJ) Task Force on Long Sentences, which includes 16 members representing a broad range of experience and perspectives, from crime victims and survivors to formerly incarcerated people, prosecutors, defense attorneys, law enforcement, courts, and corrections. The panel examined the effects of long sentences on the criminal justice system and the populations it serves, including victims as well as people in prison, their families, and correctional staff.

A paragraph is a series of sentences that are organized and coherent, and are all related to a single topic. Almost every piece of writing you do that is longer than a few sentences should be organized into paragraphs. This is because paragraphs show a reader where the subdivisions of an essay begin and end, and thus help the reader see the organization of the essay and grasp its main points.


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Introduction: the first section of a paragraph; should include the topic sentence and any other sentences at the beginning of the paragraph that give background information or provide a transition.

Create parallel structures. Parallel structures are created by constructing two or more phrases or sentences that have the same grammatical structure and use the same parts of speech. By creating parallel structures you make your sentences clearer and easier to read. In addition, repeating a pattern in a series of consecutive sentences helps your reader see the connections between ideas. In the paragraph above about scientists and the sense of sight, several sentences in the body of the paragraph have been constructed in a parallel way. The parallel structures (which have been emphasized) help the reader see that the paragraph is organized as a set of examples of a general statement.

Use transition words or phrases between sentences and between paragraphs. Transitional expressions emphasize the relationships between ideas, so they help readers follow your train of thought or see connections that they might otherwise miss or misunderstand. The following paragraph shows how carefully chosen transitions (CAPITALIZED) lead the reader smoothly from the introduction to the conclusion of the paragraph.

Today, President Obama is commuting the federal prison sentences of 95 men and women, most of whom committed nonviolent offenses. With this step, the President has now granted 184 commutations total -- more than the last five presidents combined. Take a look:

[Important note: Good Sentences does not endorse any of the opinions contained in the sentences in the collection. The only thing we endorse is the elegantly effective way these sentences were constructed.]

Technology that translates neural activity into speech would be transformative for people who are unable to communicate as a result of neurological impairments. Decoding speech from neural activity is challenging because speaking requires very precise and rapid multi-dimensional control of vocal tract articulators. Here we designed a neural decoder that explicitly leverages kinematic and sound representations encoded in human cortical activity to synthesize audible speech. Recurrent neural networks first decoded directly recorded cortical activity into representations of articulatory movement, and then transformed these representations into speech acoustics. In closed vocabulary tests, listeners could readily identify and transcribe speech synthesized from cortical activity. Intermediate articulatory dynamics enhanced performance even with limited data. Decoded articulatory representations were highly conserved across speakers, enabling a component of the decoder to be transferrable across participants. Furthermore, the decoder could synthesize speech when a participant silently mimed sentences. These findings advance the clinical viability of using speech neuroprosthetic technology to restore spoken communication.

a, b, WERs for individually transcribed trials for pools with a size of 25 (a) or 50 (b) words. Listeners transcribed synthesized sentences by selecting words from a defined pool of words. Word pools included correct words found in the synthesized sentence and random words from the test set. One trial is one transcription of one listener of one synthesized sentence.

Data from participant 1. a, Correlations of all 33 decoded articulatory kinematic features with ground-truth (n = 101 sentences). EMA features represent x and y coordinate traces of articulators (lips, jaw and three points of the tongue) along the midsagittal plane of the vocal tract. Manner features represent complementary kinematic features to EMA that further describe acoustically consequential movements. b, Correlations of all 32 decoded spectral features with ground-truth (n = 101 sentences). MFCC features are 25 mel-frequency cepstral coefficients that describe power in perceptually relevant frequency bands. Synthesis features describe glottal excitation weights necessary for speech synthesis. Box plots as described in Fig. 2.

a, b, Comparison metrics included spectral distortion (a) and the correlation between decoded and original spectral features (b). Decoder performance for these two types of sentences was compared and no significant difference was found (P = 0.36 (a) and P = 0.75 (b), n = 51 sentences, Wilcoxon signed-rank test). A novel sentence consists of words and/or a word sequence not present in the training data. A repeated sentence is a sentence that has at least one matching word sequence in the training data, although with a unique production. Comparison was performed on participant 1 and the evaluated sentences were the same across both cases with two decoders trained on differing datasets to either exclude or include unique repeats of sentences in the test set. ns, not significant; P > 0.05. Box plots as described in Fig. 2.

The video presents examples of synthesized audio from neural recordings of spoken sentences. In each example, electrode activity corresponding to a sentence is displayed (top). Next, simultaneous decoding of kinematics and acoustics are visually and audible presented. Decoded articulatory movements are displayed (middle left) as the synthesized speech spectrogram unfolds. Following the decoding, the original audio, as spoken by the patient during neural recording, is played. Lastly, the decoded movements and synthesized speech is once again presented. This format is repeated for a total of five examples (from participants P1 and P2). On the last example, kinematics and audio are also decoded and synthesized for silently mimed speech.

Governor Cooper today commuted the sentences of six people in North Carolina prisons and granted pardons of forgiveness to four others. These commutations and pardons follow an intensive review of cases, including the circumstances of the crimes, length of the sentences, records in prison, and readiness to reenter communities successfully after prison. Two commutations resulted from recommendations by the Juvenile Sentence Review Board, which the Governor established to review petitions from people sentenced to prison after crimes committed while they were under the age of 18.

Teachers and students will find this textbook an innovative, creative, and enjoyable alternative to traditional grammar texts aimed at dissecting sentences. Instead, Sentence Composing for Elementary School engages children in learning how to build better sentences.

Observing actions made by others activates the cortical circuits responsible for the planning and execution of those same actions. This observation-execution matching system (mirror-neuron system) is thought to play an important role in the understanding of actions made by others. In an fMRI experiment, we tested whether this system also becomes active during the processing of action-related sentences. Participants listened to sentences describing actions performed with the mouth, the hand, or the leg. Abstract sentences of comparable syntactic structure were used as control stimuli. The results showed that listening to action-related sentences activates a left fronto-parieto-temporal network that includes the pars opercularis of the inferior frontal gyrus (Broca's area), those sectors of the premotor cortex where the actions described are motorically coded, as well as the inferior parietal lobule, the intraparietal sulcus, and the posterior middle temporal gyrus. These data provide the first direct evidence that listening to sentences that describe actions engages the visuomotor circuits which subserve action execution and observation.

Run-on sentences can be divided into two types. The first occurs when a writer puts no mark of punctuation and no coordinating conjunction between independent clauses. The second is called a comma splice, which occurs when two or more independent clauses are joined by just a comma and no coordinating conjunction.

3. A run-on sentence is made up of two or more independent clauses that are not joined correctly or which should be made into separate sentences. A run-on sentence is defined by its grammatical structure, not its length.

A. Except as otherwise provided by law, if multiple sentences of imprisonment are imposed on a person at the same time, the sentences imposed by the court may run consecutively or concurrently, as determined by the court. The court shall state on the record the reason for its determination.

Note: The following description of compound sentences builds off of the linked discussion ofmain clauses.That page addresses the placement of such fundamental elements of word order as the predicate,subject,direct and indirect objects,the "mid-field,"negations, and"non-elements."This particular page deals only with the ways in which main (or "independent") clauses can be combined within the same sentence. e24fc04721

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