1. Introduction
RTO Exam : Driving MCQ Test ("the App", "we", "us" or "our") is an independent learning application that helps users in India prepare for the RTO Learner's Licence and Driving Licence exams. This Privacy Policy explains what information the App processes, why it is processed, and the choices available to you. By installing or using the App, you agree to the practices described here.
2. Who We Are
The App is developed and operated by Abhishek Patoliya ("the Developer"). For any privacy-related question, you can reach us at patoliya.abhishek@gmail.com.
2.1 Government Information Disclaimer and Official Sources
RTO Exam : Driving MCQ Test is an independent educational and practice application. It is not affiliated with, endorsed by, authorized by, or officially connected to any government entity, Regional Transport Office (RTO), Ministry of Road Transport and Highways (MoRTH), Parivahan Sewa, or any State Transport Department.
The App does not provide government services, government-issued driving licences, certificates, approvals, or official examination services. Questions, explanations, road-sign content, and other information are provided for educational and practice purposes only. Government rules, procedures, fees, and requirements may change, so users should verify the latest information through the relevant official government sources.
Official government information sources:
- Parivahan Sewa: https://parivahan.gov.in/
- Ministry of Road Transport and Highways: https://morth.nic.in/
These external websites are operated by their respective organizations. The App does not claim ownership, affiliation, endorsement, or authorization by those organizations. Links are provided to help users independently verify relevant information.
3. Scope of this Privacy Policy
This Policy applies to the RTO Exam : Driving MCQ Test mobile application only. It does not apply to third-party websites, services or applications that may be linked from within the App, or to any government or Transport Department website you may visit separately. Those third parties have their own privacy practices, which we encourage you to review.
4. Information We Collect
We try to collect as little information as possible and only what is needed to run the App's features described below.
4.1 Information You Provide
The App does not require you to create an account to use its core features (practice tests, mock tests, road-sign study, bookmarks, test history). You may optionally sign in with your Google Account (Settings > Account) to personalize the App; if you do, we receive the name, email address and profile photo associated with that Google Account, as described in Section 4.2. You are never asked to submit any personal documents. If you contact us directly by email for support, we will receive whatever information you choose to include in that message (such as your email address and message content), which we use only to respond to you.
4.2 Account Information
The App does not require a traditional sign-up/login to use its core features. To let your bookmarked questions, test history and progress be saved and retrieved while you use the App on this device, the App creates an anonymous, randomly generated identifier through our backend provider's authentication service the first time you use a feature that needs it (for example,bookmarking a question or completing a test). This identifier is not linked to your name, email address or any other directly identifying information, and it is generated automatically without any input from you. Separately, and entirely optionally, you may sign in with Google (via Firebase Authentication) from Settings > Account to personalize the App with your name, email address and profile photo. Signing in or out with Google does not change which bookmarks or test history the App shows you — those remain tied to the anonymous identifier described above, independent of your Google sign-in state. You can sign out of Google at any time from the same screen; this does not delete your bookmarks or test history.
4.3 Device Information
As part of Firebase Analytics and Firebase Crashlytics (Sections 4.5 and 4.7), basic technical device information is automatically collected — such as device model, operating system version, app version, general country/language, and approximate (city-level or coarser) location derived from IP address. We do not collect your advertising identifier and do not use this information to build an individual cross-app advertising profile of you. Separately, limited technical metadata (such as IP address and standard HTTP request headers) is inherently processed by our backend infrastructure provider as part of any internet connection, in order to deliver requested content and maintain service security.
4.4 Usage Information
To provide core features of the App, we store the following information, associated only with the anonymous identifier described in Section 4.2: your selected state and test language preferences, questions you bookmark, the mock/practice tests you attempt, the answers you select during a test, your scores, and which questions you previously answered incorrectly (so the App can show you a "wrong answers" review). This information lets the App show your test history and progress statistics back to you.
4.5 Diagnostic and Crash Information
The App uses Firebase Crashlytics to automatically detect and report app crashes and errors. This includes technical information such as the type of error, the screen you were on, and general device/OS information at the time of the crash. Crashlytics does not collect your name, email address, or other directly identifying information. You can turn this off at any time in Settings > Privacy > "Analytics & crash reporting".
4.6 Advertising Information
The App does not currently display advertisements and does not integrate any advertising SDK. No advertising identifiers or advertising-related data are collected. If this changes in a future update, this Privacy Policy will be updated in advance to describe the advertising provider used and the data involved.
4.7 Analytics Information
The App uses Firebase Analytics to understand, in aggregate, which features are used (for example, starting a practice or mock test, answering a question, opening a study category, or selecting a state) and how often. The events we send do not include your name, email address, phone number, or precise location. We do not use this information for advertising, and we do not build an individual profile of you across other apps or websites. You can turn this off at any time in Settings > Privacy > "Analytics & crash reporting" — this choice is a real switch, not a formality: collection stops immediately when it's turned off.
5. How We Use Information
Information described in Section 4 is used only to: (a) operate core App features such as practice tests, mock tests, bookmarks, search, road-sign reference content and progress/history tracking; (b) remember your language and state preferences between sessions; (c) maintain the security, stability and integrity of the App and its backend; (d) respond to support requests you send us; and (e) comply with applicable law. We do not use this information to build advertising profiles or to sell it.
6. Legal Basis for Processing
Where applicable data protection law requires a legal basis for processing, we rely on: your consent (given by installing and using the App and by choosing to use optional features such as bookmarking); our legitimate interest in operating, securing and improving an educational application; and compliance with legal obligations where relevant. For users in India, this Policy is also intended to reflect the principles of India's Digital Personal Data Protection Act, 2023, and the Information Technology Act, 2000 together with the rules made under it, to the extent they apply to our processing of your information. If you access the App from outside India, your information may still be processed as described in this Policy, and you remain responsible for ensuring your use of the App complies with the laws of your own location.
7. Cookies and Similar Technologies
The App itself is a native mobile application and does not use browser cookies. It may use functionally equivalent local mechanisms, such as Android SharedPreferences, to remember your language and state selection on your device. This local storage is not used for cross-app tracking or advertising.
8. Advertising
The App does not currently show advertisements. This Policy will be updated before any advertising feature is introduced, including details of the advertising network used and the data categories it processes.
9. Analytics
We use Firebase Analytics (provided by Google) to understand feature usage in aggregate, as described in Section 4.7. Firebase's own privacy practices are described at https://firebase.google.com/support/privacy. You can opt out at any time in Settings > Privacy on the App itself.
10. Crash Reporting
We use Firebase Crashlytics (provided by Google) to detect and diagnose app crashes and errors, as described in Section 4.5. Firebase's own privacy practices are described at https://firebase.google.com/support/privacy. You can opt out at any time in Settings > Privacy on the App itself. Basic crash information may also independently be visible to us through the Google Play Console's own developer diagnostics, which Google provides under its own privacy terms.
11. Third-Party Service Providers
We use Supabase (a backend-as-a-service provider) to host the App's question bank, road-sign reference content, test patterns, and to store the usage information described in Section 4.4 (bookmarks, test attempts, answers) against your anonymous identifier, and to generate that anonymous identifier. Supabase acts as our data processor/infrastructure provider and processes this information on our behalf to deliver the App's features. Supabase's own privacy practices are described at https://supabase.com/privacy. We also use Firebase Authentication (for the optional Google sign-in described in Section 4.2), Firebase Analytics and Firebase Crashlytics (all provided by Google) as described in Sections 4.2, 4.5, 4.7, 9 and 10; Firebase's own privacy practices are described at https://firebase.google.com/support/privacy. We do not currently use any advertising third-party SDK; if that changes, this section will be updated to name the provider, the purpose, and a link to its privacy policy.
12. How We Share Information
We do not sell your information. We do not share it with third parties for their own marketing purposes. We share information only: (a) with Supabase, as our infrastructure provider, strictly to operate the features described above; (b) if required to comply with a valid legal obligation, court order, or governmental request; or (c) to protect the rights, safety, property or security of the App, our users, or the public. We do not share your information with anyone for unrelated purposes.
13. Data Retention
Local preferences stored on your device (such as your selected language and state) remain until you clear the App's data or uninstall the App. Usage information tied to your anonymous identifier (Section 4.4) is retained on our backend until you request its deletion as described in Section 18, or until it is no longer needed for the purposes described in this Policy, whichever comes first.
14. Data Security
We use industry-standard measures to protect information processed by the App, including encrypted (HTTPS/TLS) transmission between the App and our backend provider, and access controls (Row Level Security) on our database so that data tied to your anonymous identifier is not readable by other anonymous identifiers. No method of transmission or storage is completely secure, and we cannot guarantee absolute security.
15. International Data Transfers
Our backend infrastructure provider may process and store data on servers located outside India, depending on the hosting region configured for our project. Where this occurs, the provider is responsible for maintaining appropriate safeguards for cross-border data transfers under its own compliance programme.
16. Children's Privacy
The App is an educational tool intended for people who are preparing for, or interested in, an Indian driving licence exam, and is not directed at children under the age of 13. We do not knowingly collect personal information from children under 13. If you believe a child has provided us information through a support email, please contact us at patoliya.abhishek@gmail.com so we can delete it.
17. Your Rights and Choices
Depending on applicable law, you may have some or all of the following rights with respect to information associated with your anonymous identifier: (a) the right to know what categories of information we process about you; (b) the right to request access to, or a copy of, that information; (c) the right to request correction of inaccurate information; (d) the right to request erasure of your information, as described in Section 18; (e) the right to object to, or request restriction of, certain processing; and (f) the right to withdraw consent for optional features (such as bookmarking) at any time, simply by not using that feature or by uninstalling the App. Because the App does not collect your name, email address or other directly identifying details as part of normal use, we can only identify your data through the anonymous identifier stored on your device; clearing the App's local data or reinstalling the App will generally result in a new, unlinked identifier being created going forward, and we may not be able to locate data tied to a previous identifier once it is no longer available to you.
18. Account and Data Deletion
Since the App does not require a traditional account/login system for its core features, there is no account to "close" for most users. To stop local use of saved preferences, you can clear the App's storage or uninstall the App from your device at any time, which removes locally stored preferences. To request deletion of usage information (bookmarks, test history, answers) associated with your anonymous identifier from our backend, email us at patoliya.abhishek@gmail.com from the same email you wish us to reply to, and describe your request. We will acknowledge and act on verifiable deletion requests as expeditiously as possible, and in any case within 30 days of receipt. If you optionally signed in with Google, tapping "Sign out" in Settings > Account immediately removes that Google identity from the App; we do not separately retain any App data tied to it beyond what Google/Firebase Authentication itself keeps as your account provider.
19. Opt-Out Choices
The App does not currently use any advertising SDK, so there is no advertising opt-out to configure. For Firebase Analytics and Firebase Crashlytics (Sections 4.5, 4.7, 9 and 10), you can opt out at any time in Settings > Privacy > "Analytics & crash reporting" — this is a real switch, and collection stops immediately once it is turned off. You can also control app-level permissions (such as network access) through your device's Android system settings at any time.
20. Third-Party Websites and Links
The App may reference or link to official government/Transport Department resources or other external sites for informational purposes. We are not responsible for the content or privacy practices of any third-party site, and visiting such a site is subject to that site's own terms and privacy policy.
21. Changes to this Privacy Policy
We may update this Privacy Policy from time to time to reflect changes in the App's features, legal requirements, or our practices. The "Last updated" date at the top of this page will change whenever we do. Continued use of the App after an update means you accept the revised Policy.
22. Contact Us
If you have questions, concerns, or requests regarding this Privacy Policy or your information, please contact us at patoliya.abhishek@gmail.com.