Flying model rockets is a relatively safe and inexpensive way for students to learn the basics of forces and the response of vehicles to external forces. Like an airplane, a model rocket is subjected to the forces of weight, thrust, and aerodynamics during its flight. The weight and aerodynamics are determined by the design of the model rocket components. The thrust is provided by a replaceable solid rocket engine which can be purchased at hobby or toy stores.
Model rocket performance (how far, how high, how fast) depends a great deal on the rocket engine performance. There are several different ways to characterize rocket engine performance. Model rocket engines come in a variety of sizes and weights, with different amounts of propellant, with different burn patterns, which effects the thrust profile and with different values of the delay charge, which sets the amount of time for the coasting phase of the flight. On this page, we discuss the factors that affect model rocket engine performance.
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At the top of the page, we show typical performance curves for several different rocket engines. We plot the thrust of the engine versus the time following ignition for each engine. You will notice that when comparing engines, there is a great difference between the levels and shapes of the plots. For any single engine, the thrust changes with time. To the right in the figure, we show a typical engine schematic which is used to explain why the thrust changes. The thrust of any rocket engine depends on how fast and how much hot exhaust gas passes through the nozzle.
Solid rocket propellant only burns at the surface of the propellant and the surface burns away as the propellant turns into a gas. You can then imagine a flaming surface that moves through the propellant. The flaming surface is called the flame front. At any time and at any location the amount of hot gas being produced depends on the area of the flame front. The greater the area, the greater the thrust. As the propellant burns, the shape and area of the flame front change and that causes the thrust to change.
In the animation, we show the shape and location of the flame front for a C6-4 engine. Engine designations are explained on another page. The schematic is two dimensional while the real engine is three dimensional. So, a three-dimensional cone surface appears as a two-dimensional angle on the schematic. The flame front is shown as a red line that moves through the propellant as the engine burns. The hot exhaust is shown in yellow. The time is noted on the plot by a moving red line.
On a typical model rocket engine, a small cone is formed in the propellant on the nozzle end of the engine. As the propellant burns, the size of the cone increases until it hits the engine casing (about time = .2 on this engine). The increasing cone surface area causes the large increase in thrust between time = 0 and time = .2 on the plot. Between time = .2 and .5, the shape of the cone flattens out and the area and thrust decrease. By time = .5, the cone has become a flat flame front which proceeds on down the engine until the propellant is used up at time = 2. Between .5 and 2, the thrust is constant because the area of the flame front is constant. At time = 2 the propellant is completely burned, and the thrust goes to zero. Immediately, the delay charge begins to burn.
Even though the amount of the delay charge is smaller than the propellant, it burns longer because it is made of a different material. For this engine we show a 4 second delay. At time = 6 the ejection charge is reached and ignited and blows out the front of the engine.
NOTE: This animation is not time accurate. The fuel burning is shown every .1 seconds, while the delay charge is displayed every .5 seconds. In reality, the fuel burn is very fast, and the delay burn relatively long.
Considering the various engine plots, we see a burn pattern similar to the previously discussed C6-4, but with some variations in the amount of thrust. We have seen that the shape of the thrust curve is affected by the shape of the flame front. Designers of solid rockets can produce the given thrust curves by changing the total amount of propellant placed in the engine, by varying the angle of the cone in the propellant, and by varying the diameter of the propellant and casing.
I thought it would be a good exercise to do a little rocket animation like the ones that everyone can find on the web. So not a new idea, but I want to do it my way. I worked on it since February and I think there still a view things that could be much better or maybe have done differently, but I dontt want to spend much more time in this project so I pressed the button Render Animation.
I rendered the animation with Cycles and used Blender 3.2 Alpha. I rendered two versions of the animation. So people can watch it 16:9 and for plattforms like Instagram and Youtube Shorts I rendered a 9:16 version. Cropping was no option for this animation.
The CMF-SRF Kids Digital Animated Series Program invests in digital animated series that focus on creativity and originality, show the potential to evolve into a subsequent season or a longer format, and use technology to increase animation quality.
Go to the Rocket Fund Self-ID Portal and have Shareholders of the production company, Producers, Directors and Writers complete the Self-ID Questionnaire to receive a Self-ID Number for your application form
I thought it would be a good exercise to do a little rocket animation like the ones that everyone can find on the web. So not a new idea, but I want to do it my way. I worked on it since february and I think there still a view things that could be much better or maybe have done differently, but I dontt want to spend much more time in this project so I pressed the button Render Animation.
This rocket engine lighting system is designed to light the five main engine & launch pad. By using some cotton batting material you can create great thrust effects. This kit does have the animated flutter effect, please click on video link to see the animation.
The most noticeable one for me is that they are ssto's with at least a 60% payload fraction despite being tiny and not having enough dV to orbit IF they had a super efficient vacuum engine (remember that these things have a twr of like 1.5 asl.) So what we can conclude about cartoon rockets is that they have some sort of dual mode nuclear jet engine, so logically it would make sense to take a fairly horizontal ascent profile (which they don't do, likely due to the massive drag caused by their egg like shapes, which means they won't gain very much speed from the atmosphere.) So yes, the people in silly kids shows are currently colonizing other planets and teaching less intelligent species how to do science (so they don't pollute the planet's the kid show people are preparing to invade.)
Like I always say, the fictional stories belong to the world of Aether.
This explains almost any technical inconsistency. The cartoon/kid show rocket use engines to push the aether like a motorboat.
So, they easily can use propellers or even oars to move in space, or sails to catch the aethereal wind.
What I find funny is that the bad guy mothership from Spaceballs is more realistic than 90% if the ships in Star Wars. At least the crew actually experience gee force's when accelerating and it appears to be mostly mode of fuel. Also the crew is staring at computers not being killed by Darth Vader. It actually has escape pods and life support (Mr coffee.) Just strap a Daedelus engine in the back, remove the vacuum cleaner and transformer features (although that was a prophetic prediction of Disney) and you have a fairly realistic interstellar vessel.
Agree, many cartoon/kid shows vastly dumb down the ship, the "lasers" that they use would be one long continuous beam, not a seperate bolts. Also, lasers would not be visible in a vacuum unless you had an infrared camera because the reason why lasers generate colored beams is because they excite the particles in the atmosphere, and since there is no atmosphere in space, thus the colored light would not show.
The only problem, especially with ships such as post TNG Star Trek for example is that apparently a ship can accelerate from 0 to thousands of times the speed of light and feel nothing, while they experience violent g-forces when they get shot at or bump into something.
warp drive makes sense though, alcubierre drives would not accelerate the ship, it would move the space. its the impulse drives that dont make any damn sense. essentially they are a fusion torch drives that can get to 1 c in a sane amount of time but manage to do so without any time dilation. the tng tech manual said they have driver coils, which is effectively a small warp coil, and this is probibly the means for handwaving away the effects of constant acceleration. given a drive that makes the epstein look like a bottle rocket, ships seem to move extremely slowly and do combat at knife fighting ranges. 152ee80cbc
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