Citizen voice mediation: comparing ombuds’ strategies for systemic influence across policy ecosystems
[Manuscript resubmitted; under review]
Kirley, R., Ripamonti, J. P. & Cucciniello, M.
Citizen voice mediation: comparing ombuds’ strategies for systemic influence across policy ecosystems
[Manuscript resubmitted; under review]
Kirley, R., Ripamonti, J. P. & Cucciniello, M.
Abstract: Downstream forms of citizen voice such as complaints can reveal pressure points and failures in public ecosystems. Yet how such voice is mediated into policy and service arenas remains poorly understood. We study ombud organizations, which bridge citizen–state boundaries and policy networks. Using an abductive, interpretivist analysis of documents and interviews from Argentina, Italy, and the United Kingdom, we develop the concept of citizen voice mediation (CVM), asking what strategies ombuds use to mediate voice and why. We identify voice mediation objectives, ombuds’ approaches to shaping and interpreting voice, and three outward mediation repertoires: authoritative-targeted, facilitative-collectivizing, and making information accessible and meaningful, which combine into directive (Argentina), hybrid (Italy), and curatorial (United Kingdom) CVM strategies. These strategies for systemic influence appear to reflect different forms of ecosystemic fragmentation and actor capacities. We develop theoretical propositions linking the strategies to fragmentation, capacity, and mediator authority, laying the groundwork for future outcome-oriented research.