Quantum Information and Quantum Computation

Information : information is the knowledge of an event.

Classical information : When the information has been encoded with classical system​s​ (e.g., 0-low voltage, 1-high voltage), it is called classical information. Classical information processing correspond​s​ to different information processing tasks using classical information.

Quantum information : When the information encoded with quantum system​s​ (e.g., |0>- spin up and |1> -spin down of a spin-1/2 system which obeys laws of quantum physics), it is called quantum information. Quantum information processing is associated with different information processing tasks using quantum information.

Advantages : There are many different information processing tasks which can be performed with higher success probability than classical information processing.

Why quantum information processing ​is ​over-performing compared to classical information processing?

Ans. :

1. Uncertainty relation : It allows perfect security of quantum communication.

2. Superposition principle : It allows non-classical correlation where degree of correlation is higher than any available classical correlation and it can not be achieved in classical theory.

For More details : Fundamentals fo quantum information, Wikipedia, Book-Link-1

For More details : Quantum computing, Wikipedia, Book-Link-1

Abroad

Simplest way :

1. First, find aprropriate PhD mentors (by looking their works in their webpage and arxiv search).

2. Send email and wait for reply.

3. OR, looking the advertishment in the above links and send email them.