Even before assessing and considering the many benefits of digitizing the construction process or considering their requirements imposed by legislation, it is important to compare them with an objective measure indicating the awareness and degree of complexity with which actors are involved, facing a digital project and subsequent actual implementation. In recent years, the international framework of especially Anglo-Saxon origin has repeatedly expressed the need to measure the performance expressed by whom is part of a process where the digitization of methods and tools has a huge impact on the expected result. Therefore, the concept of "BIM maturity" is a principle concept necessary to assess which criteria must be considered to be consistent with the minimum digital production needs of the market.

Much research in the scientific literature has questioned which one might be an appropriate measure to measure maturity in BIM adoption. From the 5 levels provided by the BIMMI (BIM Maturity Index) from Bilal Succar, passing through the points awarded by the BIM Proficiency Matrix of the University of Indiana or by the "hard and soft" criteria of the Dutch TNO with BIM QuickScan, still with 6 levels of BIM-Cat Catalan competence, level Maturity represents the quality, repeatability, and degree of excellence in the production and management of BIM Data models (Succar, 2010).

According to Giel and Issa (2013), BIM maturity assessment models can fall into three different categories, depending on the purpose and assessment system expressed by the claimant. The first category includes PAM (Project Assessment Models), which assess the level of competence on the basis of the effective use of various skills, but focused on the project. Second OAM (Organization Assessment Models) category reports that measure the maturity of organizations that explicitly use BIM processes. Finally, the third category gathers all individual BIM operators (BIM users) in their specificity.

As for the w be rules framework, as early as 2011, in a report for the British Government Group of Construction Clients, the BIM working group presented the minimum BIM skills requirement preconfiguring the definition of standards, guidelines and training programs leading to the construction ecosystem in the UK on its way to a breakthrough in digitization.

Figure 1 - BIM Maturity Model proposed by Bew and Richards for Great Britain (2008) - see original

On the one hand, the criteria for the unambiguous formulation of the question have already been provided, on the other hand, the terms of the content of the offer have been defined, with the introduction and the relevant specificity regarding the information to be managed from the planning stage to on-site procurement. This document recommended a gradual step-by-step adoption of rules and tools designed to ensure a time of technical maturation in technology, operator training, legislation, and legal and cultural alignment.

As Stefan Mordue, former NBS Business Solutions Consultant, said, is the central aspect of this revolution, which would have led to a complex and varied picture. The English norm for years to come will culminate in a clear focus on the end product, paying particular attention to authorship and responsibility for data, their use and own contract value.

Perhaps the UK government has made the most money to facilitate digital transformation by tackling one of the first few problems, including identifying maturity levels.

Taking the well-known "Bew and Mervyn Richards Mark triangle" (Bew and Richards, 2008 - Figure 1), in which the applicable rules and guidelines are graphically represented in the UK due to the maturity levels required for public procurement, can infer as a regulated plan can not deviate from a broader assessment, inextricably linked with the performance of people operating in the construction market.

In line with the industrial strategy launched in 2011, the British government's construction strategy bases many of them on their expectations as to the level of maturity of economic entities in the construction market. It established a new plan to increase the sector's productivity by planning a £ 1.7 billion gross revenue increase and launching approximately twenty thousand new apprenticeships for digital training during their term of office.

The strategy outlines public administration's ambitions for smarter purchasing, fairer payments, improved digital skills, reducing carbon emissions and increasing customer capacity. These expected results are in line with the broader ambitions already contained in Construction 2025: An Industrial Strategy for Construction - Preparation of Government-Industry Partnerships by the Responsible Authority, the Construction Leadership Council.

As an integral part of this strategy, the IPA (Infrastructure and Project Managing Authority) has defined several common minimum standards for structures for which BIM appears as the cornerstone of the entire regulatory structure.

In this document, which updates and replaces what was expressed in 2012, No. new rules or rules are introduced, but all those that already exist are synthesized and fully organized.

It is expected that the various contracting stations will have to conform to the criteria expressed in this overall framework, which substantially restores the maturity levels of the well-known Bew and Richards triangle; however, the obligation remains, from 2016 until the maturity level 2 for all operators wishing to participate in relevant public construction projects.

If in the UK the government's construction strategy first specifies a maturity level of "0" (expressed in 2D CAD drawings with mostly no coded standards), then "1" (where 3D creates its appearance along with information trade rules) and partially "2" ( where BIM appears as a process of inter-discipline exchange) as categories are mostly subject to British Standard BS: 1192 advanced level "3" (one or more federation models available online throughout the project lifecycle) is instead originally described in the Publicly Available PAS 1192 specification, which is no longer disseminated. PAS (Publicly Available Specification) are standards developed by BSI, but still in one stage of public evaluation, published to provide a quick and comprehensive response to the specific needs of different manufacturing sectors. The PAS 1192 series was therefore designed in response to the needs of the British government to implement the adoption of the BIM methodology in construction.

If the BS is a code of professional practice, the PAS were the guidelines that followed it in pursuing BIM goals, including determining the level of maturity of actors. Interesting in this regard is the specific aspect of citing the BIM acronym in PAS but not in BS.

For several years, ISO (International Organization for Standardization - a body composed of national standardization bodies for each of the 163 member countries) has been launching round tables work to formalize international law related to the BIM approach application, capable of performing a reference function for transnational procurement procedures.

Recommendations in BS and PAS are therefore correlated accordingly in EN ISO 19650-1: 2018 (Organization and Digitization of Information for Buildings and Civil Works, including Building Information Modeling (BIM) - Information management by building information modeling. - Part 1: Concepts and principles) and EN ISO 19650-2: 2018 (Organization and digitization of building information and civil engineering works, including building information modeling (BIM) - Information management using building information modeling - Part 2: Asset delivery phase). In fact, as of June 7, 2018, the British Standards Institution (BSI, British Technical Standardization body) will cease the review of PAS 1192-2 and PAS 1192-3 in order to issue the above-mentioned standards.

Even the European standardization body, CEN, plans to deal with these issues in the framework of international agreements (e.g. the Vienna Agreement, which regulates technical cooperation between ISO and CEN), which will allow the implementation of the ISO 19650 series standards without major modifications. However, additions will be introduced in technical annexes or regulatory procedural documents.

According to the Vienna Agreement, therefore, the international ISO standard must be implemented by the European CEN legislation: in particular in the field of digitization and in BIM, the ISO 19650 standard has been implemented at European and Italian level, such as UNI EN ISO 19650: 2019 Organization and digitization of information related to construction and civil engineering works, including Building Information Modeling (BIM) - information management through building information modeling; Part 1 of the standard (Part 1: Concepts and Principles) which specifies the maturity levels is being considered. The Bew-Richards chart illustrating the level of maturity has become the matrix in ISO that is used to present information exchange as a sequence of stages of maturity: the ultimate goal in standards development, in technology development, and information management methods are aimed at improving business benefits. If all the criteria are set out in Part I. and the definitions for the correct interpretation of the digitization approach in the construction sector, the "responsibility matrix" (part 1, chapter 10.3) is of great importance, the first matrix to document the chain of accountability and authorship figures involved in the construction process. In this sense, it is cited as "ability", an index of the ability to develop tasks and jobs, and "ability", a measure of resources available to successfully complete the construction stages associated with construction work. Annex A attached to part of EN ISO 19650-2 shows an example of a structured matrix in terms of relative roles and responsibilities.

The latest published version of the Business Plan for the current European regulatory table for BIM (CEN / TC 442) is dated November 22, 2017 and is currently under revision. This document already shows a concise assessment of Europe's BIM maturity level in general: for the geometry part of BIM, the level is high in the part related to non-geometric attributes (data, information), interoperability and implementation (e.g. definition of workflows) the level remains immature.

In the Business Plan, the level of BIM maturity is related to the fact that it is not possible to implement a sudden change from the traditional approach to openBIM: the change must be managed gradually. Then 4 indicators are introduced: content, digitization, interoperability and collaboration. Here remains a triangle representation resembling a Bew-Richards, so anticipates, however, that the BIM Maturity Assessment Map will be updated periodically. This map is from a single Norwegian source (the country at the forefront in this BIM field - the source is the Norwegian medical company Sykehusbygg), it will likely be replaced by a European framework that will take account of gradual changes that can occur quickly over time. The different ways to consider assessing digital maturity are therefore compatible at all levels, international, European and national; what the adaptation to the cultural context of reference changes as you descend from the universal to the concrete level. In the case of English, priority is given to the assessment of the "cooperation" component as key to the achievement of Level 3 already defined in the PAN, while in the case of Italy, it will have priority of "different means of transfer. Content of the information". important intermediary role between the universal dimension of ISO and the local dimension of national regulations 1.

In Italy, the BIM maturity level is currently regulated in the UNI 11337: 2017 standard: "Construction and engineering works - Digital management of building information processes - Part 1: Models, documents and information objects for products and processes" In chapter 5 of this document, which it should be remembered that it has a guideline value, but has no legal force, we read what is regulated by the "digital maturity of the Buildings process"; whether the management of information processes can be done through information documents (digital and non-digital), information templates or mixed systems to to obtain more effective and efficient flow of information, it is recommended to use templates.For this purpose, the standard defines the following levels of digital information maturity due to different rules of providing information content to them: Level "0", not digital; Level "1", basic; Level "2", basic, "3", advanced, "4", optimal to describe as follows:

Level 0 non-digital - for all discipline areas, information content is transferred at this level through non-digital information documents (graphics, documents, multimedia), mainly on paper. Non-digital information documents can also come from digital information documents, but the notional information vehicle only consists of the first.

Level 1 Basic - For all disciplines involved, information content is communicated through digital information documents. Commonness remains the contractual reproduction on the support of paper with the informative content of the digital report. A collection of digital informational and non-digital documents is a basic digital project.

Basic level 2 - in the case of environmental and technical disciplines, information content is transferred mainly through graphical information models, possibly attached documents, digital graphical information for specific specific needs. For all disciplinary fields, the transmission of further information content (not transferable via the aforementioned graphic models) takes place via digital information documents. The contractual advantage depends on the paper-based support of the informational content of the documents along with the digital support in relation to the graphic model.

Level 3 Advanced - Specific digital product and process information sheets may be used to facilitate the linking of data between graphical information models and information documents. Digital information cards can communicate directly with graphic models (environmental and technicians). The contractual advantage concerns the multiplication of information content on digital media.

Optimal level 4 - in all disciplinary areas, information content is conveyed through information models (virtualized in graphics, documents, multimedia). Ultimately, the models are accompanied by digital information documents for specific specific needs. However, the drawings are always extrapolated from the corresponding digital virtualization. A set of coordinated virtualizations provides an information model (even for an existing building or infrastructure).

In line with the Legislative Decree 50/2016, effective from April 19, 2016, and the public works adoption calendar as expressed in Ministerial Order 560/2017, awareness in Italy and the increasing need to move to digital maturity.

According to some estimates proposed by Oice, if in 2015 there were only 4 invitations expressing BIM notifications, in 2016 their number increased to 26 in 2017 to 86, an increase of 70%. For 2017, the total value was around 31 million, representing 2.5% of calls for tenders for engineering and architectural services.

The assessment signed by OneTeam reports that in 2015 the adoption of BIM-related processes in the client's domain had about 20% spread in the infrastructure, and in the following year the value doubled. We always read in the same considerations that between 2016 and 2017, there were 76 pilot projects from digital setting up, with an increase of 38% for buildings and 150% for roads and railways.

It should also be remembered that in the private market, the adoption of BIM finds is more applicable by engineering and architecture studios that already operate internationally, as well as significant contributions from investment funds, major fashion brands and various international companies that require quality systems and timely cost control .

Figure 2 - Categories general definition for and Application of the model (Succar, 2015) - see original

To better understand nature and consider it - the number of numbers that may be involved in the process - I know about digitization by managing information contained in templates help in exams - check possible applications of model items - are created. To this end, following the succar research, possible uses (model applications) may foreshadow a list of goals / objectives for the evaluation or maturity measurement of a topic. The BIM Excellence initiative has published an extensive list of identifiers - identifying possible applications for a digital model - le in a BIM workflow. Below, if it shows a graphic extract (Fig. 2), la - skiing in the bibliography link to access the original document.

Disaster Planning:

Level 0: Project management that manages data through scenarios provided in documents for more paper

Level 1: Transfer of produced documentation via mixed paper / digital systems

Level 2: Action planning from verified and produced digital designs and models through information modeling

Level 3: Action planning and processes, ranging from digital projects and models, proven and produced through information modeling, preparation of reports, document sharing, digitally controlled variant documents

Level 4: Action planning and processes ranging from digital designs and models proven and produced through information modeling, scenario control, risk and use of digital acquisition systems to validate time and resources used

Infrastructure planning:

Level 0: Analysis and storage of paper documents in manual archives, use of moderate to 2D CAD

Level 1: Information control through individual GIS systems, paper documents combined in terms of digital acquisition or storage of archive location

Level 2: Data control for design, maintenance and intervention through territorial and architectural systems through centralized digital archives and proprietary guide lines

Level 3: Sharing guidelines with main subcontractors, opening databases according to the principles of structured sharing, GIS and BIM systems coordinated, modalities of collaborative design in the cloud

Level 4: Full control of information through multi-scale information models, linked in a way that is federated to archives, made available in accordance with structured rules