Human Rights refers to the concept of human beings as having universal natural rights, or status, regardless of legal jurisdiction or other localizing, such as ethnicity, nationality, and sex.
Human rights are set of standards that guarantee the protection of a human being, basic and minimum standards without which people cannot live in dignity.
Nelson Mandela (1918-2013) was the first black president of the Republic of South Africa. His political activity was very relevant: all his life he fought for the rights of blacks in South Africa, spending a total of 27 years in prison. He was a key figure, in the early 1990s, for the end of Apartheid, the South African system of racial segregation. For his commitment he received a Nobel Peace Prize in 1993. After the presidency of South Africa (1994-1999) Mandela will continue to be a social justice activist around the world.
In 1944 Nelson Mandela joined the ANC (African National Congress), soon becoming the leader of the youth section. It was an organization that fought for the freedom of black South Africans, who demanded equal rights with whites
From 1964 to 1982, along with other ANC leaders, Mandela was locked up in the high-security prison on Robben Island, and then transferred to other prisons in the country. Someone else, like Oliver Tambo, manages to leave South Africa. Mandela remains in prison overall for 18 years.
Mandela president
On February 11, 1990, the South African government, under the leadership of President de Klerk, finally frees Mandela through an amnesty. During his long years in prison, Mandela understood that the only way he could do good for South Africa's future was non-violent cooperation between whites and blacks. In 1991, Mandela returned to being the leader of the ANC. In 1994 South Africa granted citizens universal suffrage: blacks could finally vote. Also for this Mandela, running for president of the country, obtained an overwhelming majority. He was the first black president of South Africa.