AI policy resources
AI policy resources
This resource list has been curated to equip conference participants with practical, evidence-based materials that can inform and guide parliamentary action on AI policy. Whether you are overseeing national AI policy, considering regulatory frameworks or assessing the impact of AI in society and across different sectors, these resources provide authoritative guidance, real-world examples and analysis.
AI Foundations provides provides essential knowledge of AI concepts, terminology, and the governance landscape. It introduces international principles and frameworks that guide responsible AI development, and the research underlying effective governance frameworks.
What is AI?
UN – Artificial Intelligence (AI)
UN Interregional Crime and Justice Research Institute – What is Artificial Intelligence?
OECD – How artificial intelligence works
OECD – Framework for the Classification of AI Systems: a tool for effective AI policies
Key AI Terms
ISO – Understanding AI terms and definitions according to the standard ISO 22980 (2025)
UNESCO – A lexicon for artificial intelligence (2018, updated 2023)
OECD – Data and AI Glossary (2025)
Council of Europe – Artificial Intelligence Glossary
U.S. National Telecommunications and Information Administration – Glossary of Terms
International Norms and Principles
UNESCO – Recommendation on the Ethics of Artificial Intelligence (2021)
OECD – AI Principles (2019, updated 2024)
UN Reports
United Nations High-level Advisory Body on Artificial Intelligence. (2024). Governing AI for humanity: Final report
United Nations Development Programme. (2025). A matter of choice: People and possibilities in the age of AI
Declarations and Resolutions
IPU – The impact of artificial intelligence on democracy, human rights and the rule of law (2024)
UN, IPU – Output Document: Parliamentary Track at IGF (2024)
UN, IPU – Output Document: Parliamentary Track at IGF (2025)
IPU – 9th G20 Parliamentary Speakers’ Summit Joint Statement (2023)
IPU – 10th G20 Parliamentary Speakers’ Summit Joint Statement (2024)
BRICS Parliamentary Forum – Joint Declaration on Parliaments for Governance of AI (2025)
World Economic Forum & Accenture. (2024). Governance in the age of generative AI: A 360° approach for resilient policy and regulation.
Busuioc, M. (2021). Accountable artificial intelligence: Holding algorithms to account. Public Administration Review, 81(5)
Ribeiro, D. et al. (2025). Toward Effective AI Governance: A Review of Principles
AI and Society resources address the varied impact of AI, covering topics including AI safety, potential harms and risks, implications for democratic processes, and gender-related considerations. It includes databases of emerging evidence of AI-related risks and incidents. These resources can help inform policymaking and identify areas where parliamentary oversight is most needed.
AI Safety
Bengio, Y. et al. (2025). International AI safety report.
Harms and Risks Taxonomies and Resources
Critch, A., & Russell, S. (2023). TASRA: A taxonomy and analysis of societal-scale risks from AI.
MIT AI Risk Initiative. AI Risk Repository.
OECD. AIM: AI Incidents and Hazards Monitor.
Disinformation and Synthetic Media
Commonwealth Parliamentary Association & Organization of American States. (2023). Parliamentary handbook on disinformation, AI and synthetic media.
OECD. (2024). Facts not Fakes: Tackling Disinformation, Strengthening Information Integrity
OSCE. (2022). Artificial Intelligence and Disinformation: State-Aligned Information Operations and the Distortion of the Public Sphere
UNESCO. (2022). The effects of AI on working lives of women.
OECD. (2024). Algorithm and Eve: How AI will impact women at work
Parliamentary Action points towards the key role of parliament in addressing the impact of AI, and showcases what parliaments are already doing. The resources provide a comprehensive picture of national policy approaches on AI and give examples of national AI legislation from diverse jurisdictions.
IPU – The role of AI in parliaments
UNDP – Empowering parliaments to shape our digital future
Harnessing AI for Human Development requires future-proofed parliaments
WFD – How parliaments can harness the benefits of AI democratically
EU – Artificial intelligence: threats and opportunities
AI Policy and Legislation Trackers
IPU – Parliamentary Actions on AI Policy (Updated monthly from 2025)
OECD – The OECD.AI Policy Navigator (Updated quarterly from 2024)
UNESCO – Global AI Ethics and Governance Observatory (from 2023)
Digital Policy Alert – Regulating Artificial Intelligence (from 2021)
AI Regulation
Alanoca, S. et al. (2025). Comparing apples to oranges: A taxonomy for navigating the global landscape of AI regulation.
UNESCO. (2024). Consultation paper on AI regulation. Emerging approaches across the world.
Examples of Comprehensive National AI Legislation
European Union – EU AI Act (2024)
Italy – Provisions and Delegations to the Government on Artificial Intelligence (2025)
Republic of Korea – Framework Act on the Development of Artificial Intelligence and Creation of a Trust Foundation (2024)
Viet Nam – Law on Digital Technology Industry (2025)
Lawmaking and Oversight: International Examples: This handout for the 'Lawmaking and Oversight' session of the programme provides a practical overview of how parliaments worldwide are responding to AI - both through legislation and through their oversight role. Lawmaking and Oversight: International Examples_English
Lawmaking Toolkit: This Lawmaking Toolkit synthesizes the latest research on the rapidly evolving global landscape of AI regulation: Lawmaking Toolkit for Parliamentarians
Learning offers structured online training opportunities for building institutional capacity on AI. The courses below can help those seeking more formal education on AI governance and policy.
UNESCO – Course on AI and Digital Transformation in Government
ITU – ITU Academy