Developmental Dysplasia of the Hip (DDH) is a condition where the baby's hip joint does not develop properly. Normally, the ball (the head of the thigh bone, or femur) sits neatly in the socket of the pelvic bone. In DDH, the socket may be too shallow, or the ball may be partially or completely out of place.
Positioning During Pregnancy: Babies in a breech position (feet first instead of head first) during late pregnancy are at higher risk of DDH.
Family History: There’s a greater chance of DDH if there’s a family history of the condition.
First Pregnancy: Firstborn children have a higher likelihood of developing DDH, possibly due to a tighter space in the womb.
Female Gender: DDH is more common in girls than boys, possibly due to the effects of maternal hormones on the baby’s ligaments.
Newborn Exams: DDH is often detected during routine newborn examinations. Doctors perform gentle maneuvers to check if the hip is stable.
Ultrasound or X-ray: If DDH is suspected, imaging tests may be used to get a clearer picture of the hip joint. Ultrasound is typically used for infants, while X-rays are more common in older children.
Pavlik Harness: For babies under 6 months, a soft harness can be used to keep the hips in the right position, allowing the joint to develop properly.
Bracing or Casting: If the harness doesn’t work or the baby is older, a cast or brace may be used to hold the hip in place.
Surgery: In severe cases or when other treatments don’t work, surgery might be necessary to reposition the hip.
Early diagnosis and treatment are crucial for successful outcomes. With early intervention, most children’s hips can develop normally, and they can lead healthy, active lives. If left untreated, DDH can lead to problems such as pain, limping, hip dislocation, and early arthritis in adulthood.