LPIC-2 [201-450]

sysstat

Tools

iostat (cpu and block device info)
mpstat (processor related statistics)
pidstat(cpu, memory, io, scheduling, stack, task switching)
tapestat (statistics for tape drives)
cifsiostat (CIFS statistics)
sar (collect and historize performance and activity)

Installation

sh$ sudo apt install sysstat

sh$ sudo yum install sysstat

sh$ sudo pacman -Sy sysstat

iostat

displays statistics about cpu and block devices

Usage

Display statistics since last boot

sh# iostat

Linux 4.14.98-v7+ (rh-1) 03/18/19 _armv7l_ (4 CPU)

avg-cpu: %user %nice %system %iowait %steal %idle

0.21 0.04 0.13 0.03 0.00 99.60

Device: tps kB_read/s kB_wrtn/s kB_read kB_wrtn

mmcblk0 37.68 631.95 1219.57 1182369 2281812

CPU info

- user
- nice
- system
- iowait
- steal
- idle

Block Device info

- tps (transfer per second)
  - a transfer is an i/o request to the device
- kB_read/s (data read last second in kiloBytes)
- kB_wrtn/s (data written last second in kiloBytes)
- kB_read (data read since last boot in kiloBytes)
- kB_wrtn (data written since last boot in kiloBytes)

Display statistics in MegaBytes

sh# iostat -m

Linux 4.14.98-v7+ (rh-1) 03/18/19 _armv7l_ (4 CPU)

avg-cpu: %user %nice %system %iowait %steal %idle

0.21 0.04 0.13 0.03 0.00 99.60

Device: tps MB_read/s MB_wrtn/s MB_read MB_wrtn

mmcblk0 36.49 0.60 1.15 1154 2228

Display statistics of specific block device (and all their partitions) only

sh# iostat -p mmcblk0

Linux 4.14.98-v7+ (rh-1) 03/18/19 _armv7l_ (4 CPU)

avg-cpu: %user %nice %system %iowait %steal %idle

0.21 0.04 0.13 0.03 0.00 99.60

Device: tps kB_read/s kB_wrtn/s kB_read kB_wrtn

mmcblk0 29.71 497.85 960.90 1182401 2282148

mmcblk0p2 0.00 0.00 0.00 5 0

mmcblk0p7 29.63 495.92 960.90 1177821 2282144

mmcblk0p5 0.01 0.13 0.00 297 0

mmcblk0p1 0.01 0.13 0.00 304 0

mmcblk0p6 0.05 1.44 0.00 3430 4

Display extended statistics

sh# iostat -x -p mmcblk0Linux 4.14.98-v7+ (web-1) 03/18/19 _armv7l_ (4 CPU)
avg-cpu: %user %nice %system %iowait %steal %idle 0.21 0.04 0.13 0.03 0.00 99.60
Device r/s w/s rkB/s wkB/s rrqm/s wrqm/s %rrqm %wrqm r_await w_await aqu-sz rareq-sz wareq-sz svctm %utilmmcblk0 0.47 0.32 13.31 25.65 0.08 1.23 13.79 79.21 2.78 256.21 0.08 28.22 79.33 3.33 0.27mmcblk0p2 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 15.00 0.00 0.00 2.50 0.00 15.00 0.00mmcblk0p7 0.47 0.32 13.26 25.65 0.06 1.23 11.93 79.21 2.75 256.28 0.08 28.24 79.35 3.34 0.26mmcblk0p5 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 13.48 0.00 0.00 12.91 0.00 11.74 0.00mmcblk0p1 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 20.43 0.00 0.00 13.22 0.00 14.35 0.00mmcblk0p6 0.00 0.00 0.04 0.00 0.01 0.00 89.95 0.00 5.59 0.00 0.00 29.07 0.50 3.65 0.00

pidstat

report statistics for linux tasks (active linux processes)

Usage

Display cpu statistics about all active processes. Same as -p ALL.

sh# pidstat

Linux 4.14.98-v7+ (web-1) 03/19/19 _armv7l_ (4 CPU)

01:06:08 UID PID %usr %system %guest %wait %CPU CPU Command

01:06:08 0 1 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 2 systemd

01:06:08 0 38 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 2 systemd-journal

01:06:08 981 44 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0 systemd-network

01:06:08 81 48 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 2 dbus-daemon

01:06:08 0 49 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 3 systemd-logind

01:06:08 980 50 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0 systemd-resolve

01:06:08 0 53 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0 login

01:06:08 0 55 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0 agetty

01:06:08 0 56 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0 agetty

01:06:08 0 57 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 3 agetty

01:06:08 0 58 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 2 agetty

01:06:08 0 151 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1 sshd

01:06:08 0 438 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 2 httpd

01:06:08 33 439 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1 httpd

01:06:08 33 440 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 2 httpd

01:06:08 33 523 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 2 httpd

01:06:08 0 925 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0 login

01:06:08 1001 10304 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1 systemd

01:06:08 1001 10310 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 3 bash

01:06:08 0 10312 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 2 sudo

01:06:08 0 10313 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1 bash

01:06:08 1001 10599 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1 bash

01:06:08 0 10651 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 3 sudo

01:06:08 0 10653 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1 bash

01:06:08 0 10925 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 3 pidstat

io statistics
cpu statistics
memory and cache statistics
stack
task switching

Display io statistics

sh# pidstat -d

Linux 4.14.98-v7+ (web-1) 03/19/19 _armv7l_ (4 CPU)

01:09:37 UID PID kB_rd/s kB_wr/s kB_ccwr/s iodelay Command

01:09:37 0 1 5.01 1.23 0.01 18 systemd

01:09:37 0 38 0.00 0.17 0.00 10 systemd-journal

01:09:37 0 53 0.00 0.00 0.00 2 login

01:09:37 0 55 0.00 0.00 0.00 0 agetty

01:09:37 0 151 0.00 0.00 0.00 0 sshd

01:09:37 0 438 0.00 0.00 0.00 0 httpd

01:09:37 33 439 0.00 0.00 0.00 0 httpd

01:09:37 33 440 0.00 0.00 0.00 0 httpd

01:09:37 0 925 0.00 0.00 0.00 1 login

01:09:37 1001 10304 0.00 0.00 0.00 0 systemd

01:09:37 1001 10310 0.00 0.00 0.00 0 bash

01:09:37 0 10312 0.00 0.00 0.00 0 sudo

01:09:37 0 10313 0.00 0.07 0.00 0 bash

01:09:37 1001 10599 0.02 0.00 0.00 0 bash

01:09:37 0 10653 0.10 1.30 0.00 0 bash

Display scheduling statistics

sh# pidstat -R

Linux 4.14.98-v7+ (web-1) 03/19/19 _armv7l_ (4 CPU)

01:10:51 UID PID prio policy Command

Display memory and cache statistics

sh# pidstat -r

Linux 4.14.98-v7+ (web-1) 03/19/19 _armv7l_ (4 CPU)

01:12:19 UID PID minflt/s majflt/s VSZ RSS %MEM Command

01:12:19 0 1 0.11 0.00 33752 7916 0.83 systemd

01:12:19 0 38 0.07 0.00 46220 14112 1.49 systemd-journal

01:12:19 981 44 0.01 0.00 22052 5680 0.60 systemd-network

01:12:19 81 48 0.01 0.00 6324 3132 0.33 dbus-daemon

01:12:19 0 49 0.01 0.00 13564 5224 0.55 systemd-logind

01:12:19 980 50 0.01 0.00 17840 6020 0.63 systemd-resolve

01:12:19 0 53 0.00 0.00 7348 2984 0.31 login

01:12:19 0 54 0.00 0.00 1940 1344 0.14 agetty

01:12:19 0 55 0.00 0.00 1940 1408 0.15 agetty

01:12:19 0 56 0.00 0.00 1940 1344 0.14 agetty

01:12:19 0 57 0.00 0.00 1940 1272 0.13 agetty

01:12:19 0 58 0.00 0.00 1940 1268 0.13 agetty

01:12:19 0 151 0.00 0.00 7404 4540 0.48 sshd

01:12:19 0 438 0.01 0.00 7236 3524 0.37 httpd

01:12:19 33 439 0.00 0.00 236584 3412 0.36 httpd

01:12:19 33 440 0.01 0.00 236584 3444 0.36 httpd

01:12:19 33 441 0.00 0.00 236584 3316 0.35 httpd

01:12:19 33 523 0.00 0.00 236584 3316 0.35 httpd

01:12:19 0 925 0.00 0.00 7156 2836 0.30 login

01:12:19 1001 10304 0.01 0.00 14844 6868 0.72 systemd

01:12:19 1001 10305 0.00 0.00 38452 1852 0.20 (sd-pam)

01:12:19 1001 10310 0.00 0.00 3632 2872 0.30 bash

01:12:19 0 10312 0.00 0.00 11252 4520 0.48 sudo

01:12:19 0 10313 0.00 0.00 3632 2848 0.30 bash

01:12:19 1001 10599 0.00 0.00 3632 2836 0.30 bash

01:12:19 0 10651 0.00 0.00 11252 4444 0.47 sudo

01:12:19 0 10653 0.01 0.00 3632 2844 0.30 bash

01:12:19 0 10968 0.00 0.00 5012 348 0.04 pidstat

Display Stack statistics

sh# pidstat -s

Linux 4.14.98-v7+ (web-1) 03/19/19 _armv7l_ (4 CPU)

01:42:42 UID PID StkSize StkRef Command

01:42:42 0 1 1028 20 systemd

01:42:42 0 38 132 8 systemd-journal

01:42:42 981 44 132 4 systemd-network

01:42:42 81 48 132 8 dbus-daemon

01:42:42 0 49 132 8 systemd-logind

01:42:42 980 50 132 8 systemd-resolve

01:42:42 0 53 132 20 login

01:42:42 0 54 132 4 agetty

01:42:42 0 55 132 4 agetty

01:42:42 0 56 132 4 agetty

01:42:42 0 57 132 4 agetty

01:42:42 0 58 132 4 agetty

01:42:42 0 151 132 8 sshd

01:42:42 0 438 132 4 httpd

01:42:42 33 439 132 4 httpd

01:42:42 33 440 132 4 httpd

01:42:42 33 441 132 4 httpd

01:42:42 33 523 132 8 httpd

01:42:42 0 925 132 16 login

01:42:42 1001 10304 132 16 systemd

01:42:42 1001 10305 1028 4 (sd-pam)

01:42:42 1001 10310 132 28 bash

01:42:42 0 10312 132 20 sudo

01:42:42 0 10313 132 28 bash

01:42:42 1001 10599 132 32 bash

01:42:42 0 10651 132 20 sudo

01:42:42 0 10653 132 32 bash

01:42:42 0 11013 132 12 pidstat

Display task switching activity

sh# pidstat -w

Linux 4.14.98-v7+ (web-1) 03/19/19 _armv7l_ (4 CPU)

01:44:01 UID PID cswch/s nvcswch/s Command

01:44:01 0 1 0.04 0.01 systemd

01:44:01 0 38 0.02 0.00 systemd-journal

01:44:01 981 44 0.01 0.00 systemd-network

01:44:01 81 48 0.01 0.01 dbus-daemon

01:44:01 0 49 0.03 0.00 systemd-logind

01:44:01 980 50 0.01 0.00 systemd-resolve

01:44:01 0 53 0.00 0.00 login

01:44:01 0 54 0.00 0.00 agetty

01:44:01 0 55 0.00 0.00 agetty

01:44:01 0 56 0.00 0.00 agetty

01:44:01 0 57 0.00 0.00 agetty

01:44:01 0 58 0.00 0.00 agetty

01:44:01 0 151 0.00 0.00 sshd

01:44:01 0 438 0.89 0.00 httpd

01:44:01 33 439 0.00 0.00 httpd

01:44:01 33 440 0.00 0.00 httpd

01:44:01 33 441 0.00 0.00 httpd

01:44:01 33 523 0.00 0.00 httpd

01:44:01 0 925 0.00 0.00 login

01:44:01 1001 10304 0.00 0.00 systemd

01:44:01 1001 10305 0.00 0.00 (sd-pam)

01:44:01 1001 10310 0.00 0.00 bash

01:44:01 0 10312 0.00 0.00 sudo

01:44:01 0 10313 0.00 0.00 bash

01:44:01 1001 10599 0.00 0.00 bash

01:44:01 0 10651 0.00 0.00 sudo

01:44:01 0 10653 0.01 0.00 bash

01:44:01 0 11034 0.00 0.00 pidstat