Orbital are an English electronic music duo from Otford, Kent, England, consisting of brothers Phil and Paul Hartnoll. The band's name is taken from Greater London's orbital motorway, the M25, which was central to the early rave scene during the early days of acid house.[1] Additionally, the cover art on three of their albums showcase stylised atomic orbitals. Orbital have been critically and commercially successful, known particularly for their live improvisation during shows. They were initially influenced by early electro and punk rock.

I had mothership randomly end up on a crashing trajectory while I was busy flying/warping in the mun lander. Happened also after two reloads. It looked like the orbital origin shifted for it randomly after some time, I originally left it in a 30km circular orbit. Checked and deactivated the thruster just in case even.


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I'm thinking it's related to vessel attitude control after testing it. Manually control your orientation and the orbit drifts too. Turn off SAS after stabilising your vessel and the orbital drift/decay stops.

The new system consists of two products, Mission Extension Pods (MEPs) and Mission Robotic Vehicles (MRVs) , which complement the industry s first commercial satellite servicing vehicles, Orbital ATK s Mission Extension Vehicle (MEVs) , by providing customers with more flexibility to extend the life and effect repairs to their valuable in-orbit satellite assets. The MEP is an external propulsion module that attaches to and provides up to five years of orbital life extension for aging satellites which are running low on fuel, but are otherwise healthy. While the primary application of the MRV is to transport and install MEPs or other payloads on customer satellites, it will also offer space robotic capabilities for in-orbit repairs and similar functions.

Orbital ATK is a global leader in aerospace and defense technologies. The company designs, builds and delivers space, defense and aviation systems for customers around the world, both as a prime contractor and merchant supplier. Its main products include launch vehicles and related propulsion systems; missile products, subsystems and defense electronics; precision weapons, armament systems and ammunition; satellites and associated space components and services; and advanced aerospace structures. Headquartered in Dulles, Virginia, Orbital ATK employs approximately 14,000 people across the U.S. and in several international locations. For more information, visit www.orbitalatk.com.

Since the beginning of space flight, the collision hazard in Earth orbit has increased as the number of artificial objects orbiting the Earth has grown. Spacecraft performing communications, navigation, scientific, and other missions now share Earth orbit with spent rocket bodies, nonfunctional spacecraft, fragments from spacecraft breakups, and other debris created as a byproduct of space operations. Orbital Debris examines the methods we can use to characterize orbital debris, estimates the magnitude of the debris population, and assesses the hazard that this population poses to spacecraft. Potential methods to protect spacecraft are explored. The report also takes a close look at the projected future growth in the debris population and evaluates approaches to reducing that growth. Orbital Debris offers clear recommendations for targeted research on the debris population, for methods to improve the protection of spacecraft, on methods to reduce the creation of debris in the future, and much more.

Orbital syndromes include orbital apex, superior orbital fissure, and cavernous sinus syndrome. The orbital apex consists of the superior orbital fissure and the optic canal with its contents. The orbital apex syndrome is a complex multiple cranial nerve pathology that results from the involvement of the bony orbital apex. The causes of orbital apex syndrome include infectious, inflammatory, traumatic, iatrogenic, hormonal, and neoplastic pathologies. The patient may present with reduced or complete loss of vision with ophthalmoplegia which may be associated with pain. A multidisciplinary approach is required for accurate diagnosis, identifying the underlying cause, and managing this condition. This activity summarizes the anatomy of orbital apex and various etiologies resulting in orbital apex syndrome and describes the clinical evaluation, investigative modalities, and management of orbital apex syndrome.

Objectives:Recognize the clinical features of a patient with orbital apex syndrome.Identify the risk factors and various etiologies of orbital apex syndrome.Direct the management of orbital apex syndrome to the specific etiology.Apply multidisciplinary team processes to identify the cause and institute specific therapy.Access free multiple choice questions on this topic.

The orbital apex disorders include superior orbital fissure syndrome, cavernous sinus syndrome, and orbital apex syndrome.[1] Though these disorders have been described separately based on the anatomical site of involvement and clinical features, the evaluation and management of these conditions are almost alike.[2]

Orbital apex syndrome (OAS), also called Jacod syndrome, is a complex neurological disorder characterized by a constellation of signs resulting from multiple cranial nerve involvement.[3] The typical clinical features are attributed to the involvement of the orbital apex by various neoplastic, vascular, infectious, or inflammatory conditions. They primarily involve one of the adjacent structures like the paranasal sinuses or the orbit from which they spread to the orbital apex.[4] Hence, understanding the etiology of the orbital apex syndrome with early recognition and swift treatment may help reduce associated comorbidities.

The orbital apex is an opening connecting the orbit and the cranial cavity.[5] The roof of the orbital apex is contributed by the lesser wing of the sphenoid, the lateral wall by the greater wing of the sphenoid, the medial wall by the ethmoidal sinus, and the floor by the orbital plate of the palatine bone.[6] The bony orbital apex consists of the optic canal superomedially and the orbital apex inferolateral. The contents of the optic canal include the optic nerve, ophthalmic artery, and the postganglionic sympathetic fibers from the carotid plexus.[7]

The intracanalicular part of the optic nerve is present above the orbital apex, passes through the optic canal, and runs to the posteromedial optic chiasm. The middle portion of the superior orbital fissure contains the cranial nerves III, IV, and VI and the ophthalmic division of the trigeminal nerve (V1). The annulus of Zinn is a fibrous chord located superior and medial to the superior orbital fissure.[8] The annulus of Zinn is the common origin of the four rectus muscles and contains the optic nerve and ophthalmic artery in the optic foramen.

Orbital apex syndrome is a rare condition, and limited data are available on the incidence of orbital apex syndrome in the United States of America and worldwide. No specific racial or male-female predisposition for this condition is evident. OAS is found worldwide and may occur secondary to one of the etiological conditions described below.[3]

Characteristic signs of orbital apex syndrome (OAS) are painful external ophthalmoplegia with vision loss. The ophthalmologist may be the primary physician to suspect and diagnose orbital apex syndrome. Patient symptoms include reduced or total loss of vision on the involved side, torsional, horizontal, or vertical diplopia, inability to open the eye, prominence of the eyeball, difficulty moving the eye in different gazes, facial pain, and abnormal head postures.

The prior medical history may be significant for one or many conditions predisposing to OAS. Patients may have a history of uncontrolled high blood sugars at presentation or in the recent past; a history of immunosuppression or malignancy may predispose an individual to infectious involvement of the orbital apex.[34] They may have symptoms or a history of being treated for fungal or bacterial sinusitis in the recent past.[35][36] History of vesicular rash in dermatomal distribution of the trigeminal nerve may indicate a viral etiology.[37] A history of a preexisting malignancy may suggest a neoplastic cause of OAS. Inflammatory orbital apex syndrome may be sudden in onset and is associated with pain at presentation. Tolosa hunt syndrome is associated with a typical boring or gnawing pain.[38]

The clinical signs of orbital apex syndrome are due to the involvement of the optic nerve, oculomotor nerve, trochlear nerve, abducens nerve, and the ophthalmic branch of the trigeminal nerve. The signs which may be present on examining a patient with orbital apex syndrome include proptosis, defective vision, a relative afferent pupillary defect due to involvement of the optic nerve, restricted ocular movement due to the involvement of the oculomotor, trochlear, and abducens nerve, facial pain and paresthesia over the forehead and the upper lid due to the involvement of the ophthalmic division of trigeminal nerve, and anisocoria due to the involvement of the pupillary fibers. In addition, optic disc edema, pallor, or choroidal folds may also be seen. Pulsatile proptosis with a preceding history of a head injury may indicate a vascular etiology like a carotid-cavernous fistula.[39]

The 3-tesla MRI is superior to 1 to 1.5-tesla MRI to visualize the sellar anatomy and deduce the involvement of the cavernous sinus. MRI imaging with contrast and fat suppression may help us to visualize the orbital apex. Computed tomography (CT)  is superior to magnetic resonance imaging in visualizing the bony anatomy.

The superior orbital fissure syndrome (SOF), also known as the Rochen- Duvigneaud syndrome, is characterized by the involvement of the III, IV, VI, and the ophthalmic division of the trigeminal nerve. Still, it differs from OAS with the sparing of the optic nerve.[63] The cavernous sinus syndrome, besides the features of the OAS, is characterized by the involvement of the maxillary division of the trigeminal nerve and the oculosympathetic fibers.[64] 2351a5e196

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