Introduction
Background
Idle land previously used for manufacturing or agricultural industries are possible locations for new state parks. Vibrant ecosystems and areas for recreation can be created by replanting forests, restoring waterways, and introducing natural species to the area.
Benefit
New parks improve the populations of endangered species and restore their historical ranges.
Need
Creating new parks requires a serious investment in time and money to be successful. Therefore, careful planning is needed to properly create a park at a reasonable cost.
Model Goal
Represent the process of constructing a new state park of forests and ponds
Identify policies to decide how much land to reclaim each year
Asses how many animals to relocate.
Find the optimal policy to minimize the cost of this process.
Assumptions
The details of how forest and water ways are reclaimed, as well as how wildlife populations grow naturally are generalized significantly. Scope of the project is to find the best policy to create new state parks in the future.
Model
Basics
Sequential Model
Uses several state and decision variables that evolve each iteration (year) based on random events (birth, death, land failures) and policy decisions (amount of land/water to reclaim)
Simulated for 50 years
Assumes population and park size will be stable at that point
Guided by three heuristic polices
Goal to minimize costs and maximize species population
Model Parts
Initial population and park size
Initial 1,500 acres of forest and 15 acres
Increasing park size each year
Maximum increase per year is 1000 forest acres and 50 pond acres
Maximum size is 15,000 forest acreages and 500 pond acreage
Assume Restoration costs increase overtime
Assume a random percentage of restored land will fail each year
Population change each year
Focusing on the population of black bears, deer, and fish
Logistic population change equation calculates the basic of the population change
Density-dependent method - population increases faster when ample space is available, slower if the population is near the carrying capacity, and decreases population if it passes carrying capacity.
Population affected by predation, births, and deaths
Animals are relocated to if population gets too high
Model
Results
Policy 1: Maximize the size of the park as fast as possible and maintain a high population of each species in the park
Results
Average Cost: $30,530,000
Average Forest Size: 15,000 acres (max)
Average Pond Size: 500 acres (max)
Deer Relocated: 5,187
Bears Relocated: 100.6
Fish Relocated: 35,386
Deer Population: 5,000
Bear Population: 22
Fish Population: 7,900
Policy 2: Maximize the number of animals relocated in each available year and to increase the size of the park relative to the population size of each animal.
Results
Average Cost: $24,094,000
Average Forest Size: 10,880 acres acres
Average Pond Size: 321.2 acres
Deer Relocated: 251.4
Bears Relocated: 36.68
Fish Relocated: 19,420
Deer Population: 43.45
Bear Population: 3.52
Fish Population: 25,665