Open Channel Flow Software Free Download

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Openchannelflow provides solutions for the measurement, conditioning, and control of water in open channels...for industries, municipalities, research organizations, and State / Governmental organizations.

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In fluid mechanics and hydraulics, open-channel flow is a type of liquid flow within a conduit with a free surface, known as a channel.[1][2] The other type of flow within a conduit is pipe flow. These two types of flow are similar in many ways but differ in one important respect: open-channel flow has a free surface, whereas pipe flow does not, resulting in flow dominated by gravity but not hydraulic pressure.

Open-channel flow can be classified and described in various ways based on the change in flow depth with respect to time and space.[3] The fundamental types of flow dealt with in open-channel hydraulics are:

The behavior of open-channel flow is governed by the effects of viscosity and gravity relative to the inertial forces of the flow. Surface tension has a minor contribution, but does not play a significant enough role in most circumstances to be a governing factor. Due to the presence of a free surface, gravity is generally the most significant driver of open-channel flow; therefore, the ratio of inertial to gravity forces is the most important dimensionless parameter.[4] The parameter is known as the Froude number, and is defined as: Fr = U g D {\displaystyle {\text{Fr}}={U \over {\sqrt {gD}}}} where U {\displaystyle U} is the mean velocity, D {\displaystyle D} is the characteristic length scale for a channel's depth, and g {\displaystyle g} is the gravitational acceleration. Depending on the effect of viscosity relative to inertia, as represented by the Reynolds number, the flow can be either laminar, turbulent, or transitional. However, it is generally acceptable to assume that the Reynolds number is sufficiently large so that viscous forces may be neglected.[4]

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Water and wastewater treatment facilities have the critical job of producing a safe supply of high-quality drinking water. Their operational processes are complex and involve a wide range of flow measurement tasks. These applications demand the highest flow meter accuracy and reliability, as well as long-term stability and a low cost-of-ownership. Badger Meter water treatment solutions meet the challenge and are part of our end-to-end portfolio of products for the water utility industry.

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I'm trying to delineate catchments for an urban watershed whichs drainage consists mainly of open-channel flow. The open channels are connected to a larger number of lakes.

My current problem is that most of the lakes and drains are not represented in the DEM. The general elevation in my catchment is low and doesn't vary much (2-6 m.a.s.l), some parts are even below sea level. When I use DEM reconditioning I get negative elevation values for larger parts of my drainage. If I apply Fill Sinks my burnt streams are filled up again & the resulting watersheds and drainage lines don't match what I want to see.

I found the workflow for Combined dendritic/deranged terrain with known sink and stream locations

(yellow.esri.com - /archydro/archydro/) which might work in my case also, but I don't know how to overcome the issue that fill sinks always sort of recreates my initial dem with just slight changes. Most of my burnt streams are not recognizable anymore. If I use Fill Sinks with a threshold instead of Fill All I dont get the general eight flow direction (d8) output, but number from 1-255.

I have been searching through many Q&A, discussions and videos, but I couldnt find any detailed description or procedure of how to overcome this issue. I'd highly appreciate hints on representing the drains and lakes properly in the DEM & adjusting the flow direction.

cheers,

Peter

Chezy and Manning developed equations that are used to determine the average volumetric flowrate in open channels. This article explains a laboratory method that was developed and tested to further identify and quantify the parameters that make up the roughness coefficients of those equations. This method uses a hydraulic flume, and makes use of the technique of dimensional homogeneity and a new exponential form of an equation for instrument calibration.

Accurately measuring average velocities in channels or culverts with surfaces open to the atmosphere has been a challenge for centuries. The larger the flow cross-sectional area the greater the inaccuracy or uncertainty of measurement.

Open-channel flow is governed by the Froude relation, the ratio of inertial forces to gravitational forces. Thus, it was recognized early in the history of hydraulics that the formula for such average velocity would need to be a balance between gravity, causing the flow, and channel roughness, seeking to retard the flow. It was also recognized that any such formula would have to be for uniform flow, that is, for steady state flow, such that the water depth relative to the bottom of the waterway is a constant, or d(y)/dx = 0.

First, two parameters were formed: Hv/S and R. Hv represents the velocity head, that is, Hv = ( x Vavg2) / (2 x g), where is called the velocity head correction factor or the Coriolis factor. This multiplier represents the additional energy contained in either open-surface or closed-pressure flow that exists whenever a velocity profile is not constant over a cross-sectional area. This is because fluid energy is a function of the square of the velocity, and the sum of the squares in each fluid stream tube is greater than the square of the sum of the velocities in each stream tube.

A small tiltable-bed laboratory flume with a swimming pool recirculating pump, which one student had conveniently built the prior semester, was adapted for use. It was immediately evident that measuring the velocity head correction factor in such a small flume would be impossible. The best alternative was to only measure slope, average velocity, and water depth for critical and uniform flow.

At critical flow, where the Froude number is equal to one, the least hydraulic energy is contained for a given quantity of moving fluid. Consequently, there should not be any additional energy available to form a non-constant velocity profile and the velocity head correction factor should be near one. In addition, because the flume was short, the energy in the fluid entering the flume needed to be matched to the energy level desired for a given flowrate in the flume, so that uniform or steady state flow was immediately achieved.

It was not possible to adjust the swimming pool pump that finely. Consequently, the team of researchers opted to bring in a second water tank, have the pump discharge into that tank, and then carefully siphon from that tank into the flume. A sonic flowmeter connected to the hose between the tank and flume gave the volumetric flowrate. It took a considerable amount of time and effort to get everything balanced for a single data point of steady state, uniform, and critical flow in such a small flume. However, ultimately three data points were collected, which were sufficient to demonstrate this method of data analysis (Tables 1 and 2).

The Greyline Instruments OCF 5.0 open channel flow meter is designed to continuously monitor, display, totalize and data log flow through any flume or weir. Featuring an ultrasonic sensor that mounts above the flowing water, the OCF 5.0 will not obstruct the flow nor be prone to fouling.

The OCF 5.0 is easy to set up and operate. Use the built-in Keypad/menu system to select your flume or weir from the menu and to choose the measurement unit. Flow reports including minimum, maximum, average and total daily flow can be viewed directly on the backlit LCD display. The OCF 5.0 also includes a built-in, 2-million point data logger and flow reporting system. Connect a flash memory stick to the flowmeter's USB output to download log files and then view your data in graph and table formats with 'Greyline Logger' software. e24fc04721