Recently I have been looking at how to control and collect datafrom a handful IP cameras using Linux. I both wanted to change theirsettings and to make their imagery available via a free softwareservice under my control. Here is a summary of the tools I found.

First I had to identify the cameras and their protocols. As far asI could tell, they were using some SOAP looking protocol and theirinternal web server seem to only work with Microsoft Internet Explorerwith some proprietary binary plugin, which in these days of course isa security disaster and also made it impossible for me to use thecamera web interface. Luckily I discovered that the SOAP lookingprotocol is actually following theONVIF specification, which seem to be supported by a lot of IPcameras these days.


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Once the protocol was identified, I was able to find what appear tobe the most popular way to configure ONVIF cameras, the free softwareWindows tool namedONVIF DeviceManager. Lacking any other options at the time, I triedunsuccessfully to get it running using Wine, but was missing a dotnet40 library and I found no way around it to run it on Linux.

To collect the video and make it available in a web interface, Ifound the Zoneminder tool in Debian. A recent version was able toautomatically detect and configure ONVIF devices, so I could use it toset up motion detection in and collection of the camera output. I hadinitial problems getting the ONVIF autodetection to work, as bothFirefox and Chromium refusedthe inter-tab communication being used by the Zoneminder webpages, but managed to get konqueror to work. Apparently the "EnhancedTracking Protection" in Firefox cause the problem. I ended upupgrading to the Bookworm edition of Zoneminder in the process to tryto fix the issue, and believe the problem might be solved now.

In the process I came across the nice Linux GUI toolONVIF Viewerallowing me to preview the camera output and validate the loginpasswords required. Sadly its author has grown tired of maintainingthe software, so it might not see any future updates. Which is sad,as the viewer is sightly unstable and the picture tend to lock up.Note, this lockup might be due to limitations in the cameras and notthe viewer implementation. I suspect the camera is only able toprovide pictures to one client at the time, and the Zoneminder feedmight interfere with the GUI viewer. I haveasked for the tool to beincluded in Debian.

Finally, I found what appear to be very nice Linux free softwarereplacement for the Windows tool, namedlibonvif. Itprovide a C library to talk to ONVIF devices as well as a command lineand GUI tool using the library. Using the GUI tool I was able to changethe admin passwords and update other settings of the cameras. I haveasked for the package to beincluded in Debian.

Update 2022-10-20: Since my initial publication ofthis text, I got several suggestions for more free software Linuxtools. There is aONVIF python library (alreadyrequested into Debian) anda python 3fork using a different SOAP dependency. There is alsosupport forONVIF in Home Assistant, and there is an alternative to Zonemindercalled Shinobi. The lattertwo are not included in Debian either. I have not tested any of theseso far. 152ee80cbc

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