The most common mental disorders that are currently prevalent in numerous countries are depression, bipolar disorder, schizophrenia, and obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD).[2] The dietary intake pattern of the general population in many Asian and American countries reflects that they are often deficient in many nutrients, especially essential vitamins, minerals, and omega-3 fatty acids.[3] A notable feature of the diets of patients suffering from mental disorders is the severity of deficiency in these nutrients.[3] Studies have indicated that daily supplements of vital nutrients are often effective in reducing patients' symptoms.[4] Supplements containing amino acids have also been found to reduce symptoms, as they are converted to neurotransmitters which in turn alleviate depression and other mental health problems.[4] On the basis of accumulating scientific evidence, an effective therapeutic intervention is emerging, namely nutritional supplement/treatment. These may be appropriate for controlling and to some extent, preventing depression, bipolar disorder, schizophrenia, eating disorders and anxiety disorders, attention deficit disorder/attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADD/ADHD), autism, and addiction.[4] Most prescription drugs, including the common antidepressants lead to side effects.[4] This usually causes the patients to skip taking their medications. Such noncompliance is a common occurrence encountered by psychiatrists. An important point to remember here is that, such noncompliant patients who have mental disorders are at a higher risk for committing suicide or being institutionalized. In some cases, chronic use or higher doses may lead to drug toxicity, which may become life threatening to the patient.[4] An alternate and effective way for psychiatrists to overcome this noncompliance is to familiarize themselves about alternative or complementary nutritional therapies. Although further research needs to be carried out to determine the best recommended doses of most nutritional supplements in the cases of certain nutrients, psychiatrists can recommend doses of dietary supplements based on previous and current efficacious studies and then adjust the doses based on the results obtained by closely observing the changes in the patient.[4]
When we take a close look at the diet of depressed people, an interesting observation is that their nutrition is far from adequate. They make poor food choices and selecting foods that might actually contribute to depression. Recent evidence suggests a link between low levels of serotonin and suicide.[5] It is implicated that lower levels of this neurotransmitter can, in part, lead to an overall insensitivity to future consequences, triggering risky, impulsive and aggressive behaviors which may culminate in suicide, the ultimate act of inwardly directed impulsive aggression.
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In Brazil, the National Health Surveillance Agency (ANVISA) approved, in 2020, a FOPNL model in a black rectangular format with a magnifier, similar to what has been discussed in Canada15,16. However, only two studies evaluated the performance of this FOPNL model, being inferior to the octagon and the triangle in reducing the time for identification of nutrients in excess among Brazilian adults9. The magnifier model was also inferior to the octagon, circle and triangle in increasing the understanding of nutritional content among adults from the United States, Canada, Australia and the United Kingdom17.
The magnifier, octagon and triangle were shown in black and the circle in red color. The nutritional traffic light was shown in red, yellow and green colors, indicating respectively the high, medium or low levels of nutrients.
To understand the FOPNL, the percentage of correct items for each product was first calculated according to the participant's response in relation to the presence or absence of the nutrient in excess. For all nine products, we considered the percentage of the participant's correct answers in relation to all products. Subsequently, the means of the percentage of right answers of the exposure and control groups were compared.
Different from what had been reported by a previous study9, the magnifier model had a performance similar to the traffic light for this issue, and several factors may explain these results. Information processing, familiarity with the symbol used, the ability of the model to capture the consumer's attention and its color are factors already evidenced as important influencers to understand nutritional content9,27,28.
Regarding the processing of information, the traffic light does not show the same objectivity as the warnings, which only inform the nutrients present in high content in the product. Thus, a product may have, for example, a red (high) and two green labels (low), which may increase the perception of its healthiness, being this a possible limitation of the model6,10.
Understanding nutritional content is also related to attention capture, measured by the time necessary for the consumer to locate and visualize the FOPNL and the time required to identify the nutrients present in excess27. The traffic light and magnifier are FOPNL models that require longer attention capture time compared with warnings9. Warning models show images that repeat with each nutrient present in excess, drawing more consumer attention when compared with single-image models29.
The participants' perception was favorable to the presence of FOPNL in food packaging, understanding the FOPNL as reliable and easy to visualize and interpret to improve the understanding of the nutritional content of product, as already observed in similar studies9,10,30.
Regarding the limitations of this study, we suggest that future research include the simulation of factors present in the actual purchasing situation, such as limited time, presence of nutritional claims and advertising on the food label, as well as a greater number of products, including healthy and unhealthy products.
Diferente do que havia sido reportado por estudo anterior9, no se observou melhor desempenho do modelo da lupa em relao ao semforo para este quesito e vrios fatores podem explicar esses resultados. O processamento da informao, a familiaridade com o smbolo utilizado, a capacidade do modelo em capturar a ateno do consumidor e a sua cor so fatores j evidenciados como importantes influenciadores do entendimento do contedo nutricional9,27,28.
A Importncia de Alimentos Completos para CesPrimeiro, vamos esclarecer o que significa um "alimento completo" para ces. De acordo com a legislao vigente em muitos pases, incluindo o Brasil, os alimentos completos so formulados para atender a todas as necessidades nutricionais de um co em uma nica dieta. Isso significa que, se voc seguir as orientaes de alimentao fornecidas no rtulo do produto, seu co deve receber todos os nutrientes necessrios para se manter saudvel.
Alimentos Especficos: Quando So Adequados?Os alimentos especficos, muitas vezes chamados de "suplementos" ou "petiscos", tm um lugar importante na dieta do seu co, mas eles no devem ser a base da alimentao. Estes alimentos so projetados para atender a necessidades especficas, como cuidados dentrios, treinamento ou necessidades de sade especficas. importante observar que os alimentos especficos devem compor apenas uma pequena parte da dieta do seu co, geralmente no mais do que 10% da ingesto calrica diria recomendada. Utilizar esses produtos em excesso pode desequilibrar a dieta e levar a deficincias nutricionais.
As informaes da tabela nutricional, da lista de ingredientes e da rotulagem dos alimentos so importantes para saber, de fato, o que estamos comendo. Neste texto, voc vai aprender a ler a tabela nutricional e a compreender os smbolos relacionados s informaes nutricionais que esto nas embalagens. Assim, voc pode comparar os produtos com facilidade e fazer escolhas mais saudveis.
Voc tem o hbito de ler as informaes nutricionais antes de comprar os alimentos? Elas so muito importantes para a segurana e para a sade dos consumidores, pois trazem detalhadamente a composio dos produtos.
A partir de outubro de 2023, as embalagens dos alimentos tambm devem apresentar alguns smbolos para identificar quando h alto teor de acar adicionado, gordura saturada e sdio. Somado a isso, algumas novas padronizaes na tabela nutricional e na lista de ingredientes tambm foram implementadas.
Acompanhe o texto para saber como ler e compreender as informaes nutricionais dos alimentos embalados: a tabela nutricional, a lista de ingredientes e os smbolos da rotulagem nutricional frontal.
Uma questo importante que as calorias so processadas de formas diferentes pelo nosso corpo. Os carboidratos, as protenas e as gorduras tm composies e funes distintas, so utilizados em diferentes mecanismos e snteses que acontecem no organismo, e cada nutriente gera uma quantidade de caloria.
Por isso, mais interessante entender a tabela nutricional para saber de onde vm as calorias e qual a fonte mais adequada para a sua dieta, do que se limitar apenas ao valor calrico dos alimentos.
Outro ponto importante referente ao acar, que um tipo de carboidrato. A partir de 2023, a Anvisa exige que seja indicada na tabela nutricional a quantidade de acar do alimento e a quantidade de acar adicionado.
As gorduras esto entre as principais fontes de energia do corpo. Elas participam do processo de absoro de outros nutrientes, como as vitaminas, e integram rgos importantes, como o nosso crebro, que formado por aproximadamente 60% desse nutriente.
As vitaminas podem estar na lista de nutrientes quando fizerem parte da composio natural dos alimentos ou quando forem equivalentes a, pelo menos, 5% dos valores dirios recomendados. Os aminocidos, substncias bioativas e probiticos tambm podem aparecer, dependendo do produto. ff782bc1db
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