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Introduction: Cognitive impairment is a common non-motor feature of Parkinson's Disease (PD). Diagnosis of mild cognitive impairment is challenging and routinely missed in clinical practice. Our study aimed to study the efficacy of NIMHANS Neuropsychological Battery for Elderly (NNB-E) in diagnosing subtle cognitive deficits in PD patients.
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Results: Cognitive performance of PD patients was poor compared to controls. NNB-E showed good internal consistency and construct validity with Crohnbach's alpha of 0.861 and area under the curve (AUC) of 0.878. The battery was able to detect mild cognitive impairment in 74.1% of patients and 6.4% of controls. The ROC curve showed that the overall sensitivity of the battery was 73.2% and specificity was 92.6% at an optimal cutoff score. Different cutoff values set for defining PD-MCI as per MDS task force criteria resulted in varying frequencies of MCI ranging from 25.8% to 71%.
Conclusion: Our study established the validity of NNB-E in PD patients, and this tool was suitable for diagnosing PD-MCI and discriminating PD patients from normal controls in the Indian population. This study also showed PD-MCI at various cutoff scores with greater impairment in executive and attention domains.
The Centre has told the Delhi High Court that learning disabilities can be diagnosed by National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro Sciences (NIMHANS) battery, a tool that can ascertain the degree of disability.
The submission was made during the hearing of a plea by a man claiming that there was no method or criteria fixed for ascertaining the percentage of disability. The man, whose son suffers from dyslexia, said the guidelines only evaluate and certify the disability. The Centre said that anyone who tests positive according to the battery, would be considered as 40% disabled and they would be eligible for all attendant benefits.
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One of the key innovations of the NIMHANS Battery is its culturally appropriate normative data. Traditional Western tests often fail to account for cultural nuances that can significantly affect test performance. By contrast, the NIMHANS Battery includes norms that are relevant to various demographic groups within India, enhancing the accuracy and reliability of neuropsychological assessments.
The frontal lobe is crucial for executive functions, decision-making, and behavioral control. The NIMHANS Battery includes tests like the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test and verbal fluency tasks to evaluate these functions.
The creation of the NIMHANS Neuropsychological Battery is a significant milestone in neuropsychological testing. By incorporating the nuances of the Indian context, it provides a more accurate and meaningful assessment of cognitive functions for the Indian population. This battery not only aids in the diagnosis of neurological disorders but also contributes to the development of rehabilitation strategies that are culturally sensitive and effective. 152ee80cbc
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