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a. Nano-bainite:
a. Nano-bainite:
Strengths above 1 GPa have been achieved in medium to high carbon bainitic steels. If the processing-micro structure-properties relationships are understood well, then steels with high fracture toughness and fatigue can be designed. This will involve getting higher amount of baintiic ferrite and having film like retained austenite in the micro-structure.
Strengths above 1 GPa have been achieved in medium to high carbon bainitic steels. If the processing-micro structure-properties relationships are understood well, then steels with high fracture toughness and fatigue can be designed. This will involve getting higher amount of baintiic ferrite and having film like retained austenite in the micro-structure.
b. Nano-pearlite:
b. Nano-pearlite:
Pearlite lamellar thickness can be reduced by transformation at lower temperatures as well as by introducing elements like Al and Co that increase the number of nucleation sites. However, the deformation response of nano-pearlite is very different from that of coarse pearlite. Therefore, the mechanical properties of nanopearlite cannot be extrapolated from their coarse counterparts. We have found that the fracture toughness as well as fatigue response improves significantly with refining the lamellar spacing.
Pearlite lamellar thickness can be reduced by transformation at lower temperatures as well as by introducing elements like Al and Co that increase the number of nucleation sites. However, the deformation response of nano-pearlite is very different from that of coarse pearlite. Therefore, the mechanical properties of nanopearlite cannot be extrapolated from their coarse counterparts. We have found that the fracture toughness as well as fatigue response improves significantly with refining the lamellar spacing.
c. Nano-twinned steels:
c. Nano-twinned steels:
High strain rate compression of austenitic stainless steels can introduce numerous twins at the nano-scale. The strength gets considerately increase since deformation twins can block disloaction motion. However, it is difficult to predict the fracture toughness and fatigue repose of nano-twinned metals and alloys without careful experiments.
High strain rate compression of austenitic stainless steels can introduce numerous twins at the nano-scale. The strength gets considerately increase since deformation twins can block disloaction motion. However, it is difficult to predict the fracture toughness and fatigue repose of nano-twinned metals and alloys without careful experiments.
d. Fe-Mn-Al steels:
d. Fe-Mn-Al steels:
The properties of Fe-Mn-Al steels can be effectively varied by changing the composition of the alloying elements. Such steels can show transformation induced plasticity (TRIP), transformation induced twinning (TWIP) or inter-metallic precipitates that can harden the material while providing significant ductility.
The properties of Fe-Mn-Al steels can be effectively varied by changing the composition of the alloying elements. Such steels can show transformation induced plasticity (TRIP), transformation induced twinning (TWIP) or inter-metallic precipitates that can harden the material while providing significant ductility.
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