📌 設備存取與權限管理Device access and permission management
✅ 最小權限原則：確保使用者僅能存取必要的設備與功能。
✅ 帳號與密碼管理：
✅ 設備存取紀錄：
✅ Principle of least privilege: Ensure that users can only access necessary devices and functions.
✅ Account and password management:
Avoid using default usernames and passwords (eg admin / admin).
Passwords should meet strong password standards and be changed regularly.
Enable multi-factor authentication (MFA), such as OTP, fingerprint recognition, etc.
✅ Device access history:
📌作業系統與韌體更新Operating system and firmware updates
✅ 定期更新與修補漏洞：
✅ 自動化更新機制：
✅ Regular updates and bug fixes:
Ensure that the operating system, applications, drivers, and firmware are kept up to date.
If it is a critical device, the stability of the update should be verified in a test environment before formal deployment.
✅ Automatic update mechanism:
📌有效的備份方法-所謂的「3-2-1備份原則」An effective backup method - the so-called "3-2-1 backup principle".
✅例如，在備份重要客戶的資料庫時：
原則1：至少製作3個資料庫備份文件
原則2：儲存在2種不同的儲存媒體上。硬碟上有一個副本，外部設備（USB-HDD 或 TAPE）上有兩個副本。
原則3：將資料儲存在另一個位置（異地儲存）。
這將防止重要數據因災難而受損。目前常見的異地儲存方式包括使用雲端備份或將資料副本儲存在另一個安全的位置（IDC資料中心或分公司）。
✅For example, when backing up an important customer's database:
Principle 1: Make at least three database backup files
Principle 2: Store on two different storage media. There is one copy on the hard disk and two copies on the external device (USB-HDD or TAPE).
Principle 3: Store data in another location (offsite storage).
This will prevent important data from being damaged due to disasters. Currently, common off-site storage methods include using cloud backup or storing data copies in another secure location (IDC data center or branch office).
📌網路安全與防護Network Security and Protection
✅ 設備隔離與權限分級：
✅ 強化 Wi-Fi 安全：
✅ 啟用防火牆與入侵偵測 (IDS/IPS)：
✅ Set isolation and permission levels:
Important devices should be separated from general client devices to prevent unauthorized devices from affecting the core network.
IoT devices are isolated from the internal network to prevent attacks.
✅ Enhanced Wi-Fi security:
Disable the WPS function to prevent visitors from infiltrating by exploiting weaknesses.
Use WPA3 or WPA2-Enterprise encryption to avoid clear text transmission.
Set up guest Wi-Fi to isolate it from the internal network.
✅ Enable Firewall and Intrusion Detection (IDS/IPS):
Enterprise-level firewall settings include IP restrictions and application layer protection (Layer 7).
Monitor for abnormal traffic, such as frequent refreshes or a large number of abnormal lines.
📌設備維護與監測Equipment maintenance and monitoring
✅ 備份與還原計畫：
定期備份設備設定（如路由器、伺服器、網管設備）。
設置異地備份機制，確保災害發生時可快速恢復。
✅ 設備壽命與異常監測：
✅ Backup and restore plan:
Back up device settings regularly (such as routers, servers, and network management equipment).
Set up an offsite backup mechanism to ensure rapid recovery when a disaster occurs.
✅ Equipment life and abnormality monitoring:
Regularly check whether the hardware (such as power supply, fans, temperature) is abnormal.
Record the life of equipment and replace it in a timely manner to avoid security vulnerabilities caused by old equipment.
📌異常行為監控與應變措施Abnormal behavior monitoring and response measures
✅ 日誌記錄與分析：
✅ 建立事件應變計畫 (Incident Response Plan, IRP)：
✅ Logging and analysis:
The device should enable system log (Log) and set it to automatically send to the SIEM monitoring system.
Set up alerts for abnormalities, such as unusual logins or unknown access requests within a short period of time.
✅ Create an Incident Response Plan (IRP):
When an attack occurs, there should be a SOP, such as disconnecting equipment and activating backup systems.
Regularly practice cybersecurity incident response measures to ensure the team can handle emergencies quickly.
✅ 權限管理：最小權限原則、MFA(multi-factor authentication)、定期審查權限。
✅ 系統更新：定期修補漏洞、測試後部署、韌體升級。
✅ 網路安全：設備隔離、Wi-Fi 加密、防火牆與入侵偵測。
✅ 設備監控：備份設備設定、異常監測、硬體健康檢查。
✅ 異常應變：設定日誌、建立事件應變計畫，並定期演練。
透過以上措施，可以有效降低資通訊設備被攻擊的風險，確保資訊安全！
✅ Permission management: principle of least privilege, MFA(multi-factor authentication), and regular review of permissions.
✅ System updates: regular vulnerability patches, deployment after testing, and firmware upgrades.
✅ Network security: device isolation, Wi-Fi encryption, firewall, and intrusion detection.
✅ Device monitoring: backup device settings, abnormality monitoring, hardware health check.
✅ Abnormal response: set up a log, establish an incident response plan, and conduct regular drills.
Through the above measures, the risk of information and communication equipment being attacked can be effectively reduced to ensure information security!
