Sacred Fig Tree
Ficus religiosa L.
Ficus religiosa L.
Figs are consumed as famine food and fodder, it is also used as firewood while the greyish white, moderately durable wood is occasionally converted into packing cases, cheap boarding, yokes, spoons, and bowls. The bark is used in tanning while birdlime can be prepared from its milky juice. In addition, leaves and twigs are an alternative antidote against bites of venomous animals, and can also be used as aphrodisiac, astringent, antigonorrhoeal, and laxative in some communities.
Meanwhile, the fresh sap from leaves is used in treating diarrhea, cholera as well as in wound healing. The infusion of the bark is also found to be antidiabetic while the decoction is used as a skin wash to treat scabies, ulcers, and other skin diseases. The tree is occasionally planted for amenity purposes due to its aesthetic shape and form. The sacred fig tree is mostly planted near Buddhist temples as it is referred to as sacred in India. Hindus associate the tree with fertility in women.
In the Philippines, this can be found cultivated or naturally growing in some parts of Metro Manila, Batangas, Cavite, Laguna, and Cebu.
Here in our Sintang Paaralan, this tree species can be found near the PUP Tahanan ng Alumni, at the back of PUP Laboratory High School, and the largest Ficus religiosa with a tree girth of approximately 15 meters in basal diameter is found at the back of Gabriela building which has been said to be growing in that place since 1971!
Distribution of Ficus religiosa L. in the Polytechnic University of the Philippines (Map created by J. Diongco)
Natural distribution of Ficus religiosa L. in the Philippines (Map created by A. Bumaat and J. Nierves)
Botanical Description of Ficus religiosa L.
This tree species is epiphytic when young and may reach 15-25 m tall with a diameter breast height of 30-50 cm. The bark is gray, smooth, and longitudinally fissured. Its name came from the Latin words ficus meaning ‘fig’ and religiosa which pertains to its religious importance. Commonly known as Sacred Fig Tree, which is notable for its heart-shaped leaves which is botanically termed as cordate with the presence of a very narrow and long apex known as the caudal tip. Its fruits are known as figs that are axillary on leafy branchlets, may occur paired or solitary and red when mature.