Paper Mache Every Day Object

Objective: Concept

• Students will learn about Form, Texture, Shape and Space, through constructing Sculptures.

• Students will define Sculpture related terms.

• The class will draw a design for a paper mache sculpture which they will construct for a final project.

• The final project will be a sculpture based on the students own drawings and designs which will be constructed primarily with paper Mache.

Specific Objectives:

• Complete 3-4 drawings in their sketchbooks of designs to be turned into a paper mache sculptures.

• Define terms: Form, Shape, Relief, Modeling, Casting, Assembling, Carving, Space, etc.

• Students will take their designs and make a mold of their faces with tin foil as a way to give basic structure.

• Learn about the Elements of Art; Shape, Texture, Form, and Space through a series of sculpture relate projects.

• Students will learn about the 4 types of sculptures as well the most common ways to create sculptures.

Required Materials:

• Pencil

• Glue

• Paper

• Ruler

• Compass

• Paints – Acrylic / Tempera

• Newspaper

• Brushes

• Paper plates.

• Paper towels

• Magazines

• Scissors

• Cardboard

• Tacky Glue

• Elmer’s paper mache mix

• Balloons

• Construction paper

• Masking tape

Step-By-Step Procedures:

1. Start the lesson by asking the students to describe what they think Form is and do they see it in everyday life? Follow up with daily vocabulary words and discussions about the meanings and techniques.

• Form - is considered three-dimensional showing height, width and depth.

• Sculpture - three-dimensional artwork created by shaping or combining materials.

* Modeling, * Casting, * Assembling, * Carving

• Texture - is the perceived surface quality of a work of art.

• Space - Is a two or three dimensional volume that can be either empty or filled with objects.

• Assembling - A sculpture method in which different kinds of materials are gathered and joined together.

• Modeling - A sculpture method in which a soft or workable material is built up and shaped.

• Mixed Media - The use of more than one medium to create a work of art.

• Casting - Is a sculpture method in which melted material is poured into a mold.

• Carving - A sculpture method in which materials are cut away or chipped away.

• Texture - is the perceived surface quality of a work of art.

• Relief - Is a type of sculpture in which forms and figures are projected from the front only

• Positive Space - The shapes or forms that occupy two and three dimensional space.

• Negative Space - The empty space surrounding a two or three dimensional object.

To make paper mache add a 1 to 2 ratio of flour to water in a bowl. The best amount is ½ cup flour to 1 cup water. Add flour until the mixture has reached a pancake consistency. Students should tear up strips of paper and gently dip the paper into the mixture and remove and excess mache before applying it to the tinfoil. For the first attempt only a very thin layer should be applied and allowed to dry before more layers are added.

2. Students will create 3-4 drawings of different ideas that they would like see turned into a paper mach sculpture. For this project students are asked to create good designs that are not tiny in detail or have too much detail. Once the drawing is chosen the student must create a larger drawing that will show detail and clearly define what the sculpture should look like once done.

3. Students are given the option of working in pairs or by themselves to create a final work of art. The Team must choose the best design and work together to complete the project. No more than 2 students should work on one project as space is a factor.

4. Students will use balloons or other objects to create the basic shape of the sculpture. Each object will be wrapped in a paper mache mix and strips of paper (newspaper) will be dipped into the mix. Wipe off the excess mixture and apply to the surface. Each day a minimum of 2 layers should be applied to the form. Extra items like arms or ears should be made by rolling up paper and taping it in places prior to applying paper mache to the outside. The structures should have about 6 to 10 layers and feel solid prior to painting.

A. Another option to this is to use plaster gauze to create a plaster sculpture. Students will have to use metal wire to construct the basic shape and then apply the gauze to the structure.

B. One more option is for students to create sculptures of everyday object like giant French fries or coffee cups. Example would be the art of Claes Oldenburg.

6. Each student will add layers of paper mache to the form as well as using house hold goods like paper tubes to create greater interest. A larger surface can be made and then cut so as to create a unique form. The sculpture should have several layers so as to create a strong structure.

7. The last step is to add color to the image. Students will paint the sculpture using acrylic paint to add designs and creativity to their work.

8. This project will be concluded with a portfolio review in which the students will present their works and critique the overall effect.

Summary / Closure:

After completing the project students should have mastered the concept of shape, form and texture. Each student will have an understanding as to what a relief sculpture is and how it can be used in art.

Evaluation: Assessment Based on Objectives:

The final grade will be based on the evaluation of the art piece, participation, effort, and quality of paper and art work.

• Students will earn a percentage for their Portfolio Review, both as presenter and as an audience member.

• Quality of the work done will be a large part of the grade based on how well they have demonstrated an understanding of the concepts and their depiction. Overall condition of the final pieces will also have a factor in the grading.

• Effort put into the project will be demonstrated by both the final images and the how well the student worked in class on each project. (Factors include: is the project completed, and does it look like the student worked on it and not other things?)

• The final individual and group piece will make up half of the project’s grade.

• A six week test on the vocabulary will also be used as a grade to determine the student understands of the subject matter.

• The Rubrics are made up of 5 categories: Project completion (30%), Participation (20%), Originality (20%), Quality of art work (20%), and Follows directions (10 %).