A Barangay is formerly referred to as barrio, it originated from balangay, a malay word meaning "sailboat". After the 1986 EDSA revolution and the drafting of the 1987 constitution, the municipal council was restored, making the barangay the smallest unit of Philippine government. Barangay Nuevo Iloco derived its name from the pioneering settler of the barangay, the Ilocano tribe. They arrived before the outbreak of World War II. “Nuevo” means New and "Iloco" is derive from the Ilocano, and eventually become the name of the barangay, Nuevo Iloco. It is a 3rd class barangay with a total Land Area of 1,383.75 hectares, and a total population of 5,247 consist of 1,210 households, 1,468 families as of year 2020. The Barangay is consist of 16 Puroks. The common dialect used by the population is cebuano.

  The different tribes in the barangay are Boholano, Cebuano, Chavacano, Davaweño, Ilonggo, Ilocano, Mandaya, Mansaka, Waray, Surigaonon, Tagalog, Caraga. The Barangay has many different Religious affiliation namely Roman Catholic, w Aglipay, Iglesia Ni Cristo, UCCP, Jehovah Witnesses, PBIMA, Seventh DAY Adventist, Born Again, Bible Baptist, Wesleyan, Alliance Bible, Assembly of God, Calvary Church and United Methodist Church.

  The major source of living in the barangay is farming, with major crops: rice, corn, coconut, and banana.

  In terms of education it has four existing educational institution namely: Mahayag Primary School, Katipunan Elementary School, Nuevo lloco Elementary School, Nuevo Iloco National High School. Also, it has four (4) daycare centers and one (1) private center that caters only preschool/kindergarten. In terms of Health and Nutrition Facilities we have one (1) Health Center which consists of NDP and one (1) RHM, 16 barangay health workers (BHW) and one (1) Nutrition Office with three (3) BNS workers.

In terms of Barangay Governance the Governing Barangay Captain namely:

Punong Barangay Year

Rafael Tangiday     -     1943-1951

Zacarias Taguiran  -     1951-1966

Fermin de Guzman -     1966-1981

Domingo Casiano   -     1982-1985

Bonifacio Carnicer -     1985-1988

Efepanio Cruda -     1988-1991

Virgelio Casiano -     1991-1994

Valeriano Butal      -     1994-2007

Melchor Ang        -     2007-2010

Silvestre R. Apit     -     2010-2023

Rhodel C. Corpuz - 2023-Present