Embedded Files
Pharmacologic Category
Dosing: Adult
Acute hypertension: Initial: 0.3 to 0.5 mcg/kg/minute; may be titrated by 0.5 mcg/kg/minute every few minutes to achieve desired hemodynamic effect (Rhoney 2009); maximum dose: 10 mcg/kg/minute (for a maximum of 10 minutes). To avoid toxicity, some recommend a maximum dose of 2 mcg/kg/minute (Marik 2007).
Acute decompensated heart failure: IV: Initial: 5 to 10 mcg/minute; may be titrated rapidly (eg, up to every 5 minutes) to achieve desired hemodynamic effect; usual dosage range: 5 to 300 mcg/minute. Doses >400 mcg/minute are not recommended due to minimal added benefit and increased risk for thiocyanate toxicity (HFSA 2010).
* See Dosage and Administration in AHFS Essentials for additional information.
Dosing: Geriatric
Refer to adult dosing.
Dosing: Renal Impairment: Adult
Use in patients with renal impairment may lead to the accumulation of thiocyanate and subsequent toxicity; limit use.
eGFR <30 mL/minute/1.73 m2: Limit mean infusion rate to <3 mcg/kg/minute.
Anuric patients: Limit mean infusion rate to 1 mcg/kg/minute.
Dosing: Hepatic Impairment: Adult
No dosage adjustment provided in manufacturer's labeling; due to the risk of cyanide toxicity, use with caution.
Dosing: Pediatric
Hypertension, acute including hypertensive crisis: Infants, Children, and Adolescents: Continuous IV infusion: Initial: 0.3 to 0.5 mcg/kg/minute, titrate every 5 minutes to desired effect; usual dose: 3 to 4 mcg/kg/minute; maximum dose: 10 mcg/kg/minute (Chandar 2012; Hegenbarth 2008; NHBPEP 2004; Park 2014); increased infusion rates are correlated with increased cyanide concentrations (Hammer 2015); a study in pediatric postoperative cardiac surgery patients found patients with rates ≥1.8 mcg/kg/minute had increased cyanide concentrations (Moffett 2008); monitor cyanide levels with prolonged use (eg, >72 hours) (NHBPEP 2004)
Cardiac output maintenance/stabilization, postresuscitation (PALS [Kleinman 2010]): Infants, Children, and Adolescents: Continuous IV infusion: Initial: 0.5 to 1 mcg/kg/minute, titrate to desired effect; maximum dose: 8 mcg/kg/minute
Dosing: Renal Impairment: Pediatric
Infants, Children, and Adolescents: Use in patients with renal impairment may lead to the accumulation of thiocyanate and subsequent toxicity; limit use and monitor thiocyanate blood concentrations
eGFR <30 mL/minute/1.73 m2: Limit mean infusion rate to <3 mcg/kg/minute
Anuric patients: Limit mean infusion rate to 1 mcg/kg/minute
Dosing: Hepatic Impairment: Pediatric
There are no dosage adjustments provided in the manufacturer's labeling; due to the risk of cyanide toxicity, use with caution.
Calculations
Use: Labeled Indications
Acute decompensated heart failure (HF): Management of acute decompensated HF
Acute hypertension: Management of hypertensive crises; used for controlled hypotension to reduce bleeding during surgery
* See Uses in AHFS Essentials for additional information.
Use: Off-Label: Adult
Hypertension during acute ischemic strokeLevel of Evidence [G]
Based on the American Heart Association/American Stroke Association (AHA/ASA) Guidelines for the Early Management of Patients with Acute Ischemic Stroke, nitroprusside given in the management of hypertension during acute ischemic stroke is listed as an alternative approach to patients with this condition.
Level of Evidence Definitions
Level of Evidence Scale
Clinical Practice Guidelines
Heart Failure:
ACCF/AHA, “2013 ACCF/AHA Guideline for the Management of Heart Failure,” June 2013
Canadian Cardiovascular Society, “2012 Heart Failure Management Guidelines Update: Focus on Acute and Chronic Heart Failure,” 2012
“HFSA 2010 Comprehensive Heart Failure Practice Guideline,” July 2010
Hypertension:
"2017 ACC/AHA/AAPA/ABC/ACPM/AGS/APhA/ASH/ASPC/NMA/PCNA guideline for the Prevention, Detection, Evaluation, and Management of High Blood Pressure in Adults," November 2017.
"ACCF/AHA Expert Consensus Document on Hypertension in the Elderly," 2011
Eighth Joint National Committee (JNC 8), "2014 Evidence-based Guideline for the Management of High Blood Pressure in Adults," December 2013
“National High Blood Pressure Education Program Working Group on High Blood Pressure in Children and Adolescents,” May 2005
Stroke:
AHA/ASA, “Guidelines for the Early Management of Patients with Acute Ischemic Stroke,” February 2013
Usual Infusion Concentrations: Pediatric
IV infusion: 100 mcg/mL or 200 mcg/mL
Usual Infusion Concentrations: Adult
IV infusion: 50 mg in 250 mL (concentration: 200 mcg/mL) or 100 mg in 250 mL (concentration: 400 mcg/mL) of D5W
Administration: IV
IV infusion only; infusion pump required. Due to potential for excessive hypotension, continuously monitor patient’s blood pressure during therapy. Product should always be protected from light, even during administration.
Administration: Injectable Detail
pH: 3.5-6
Administration: Pediatric
Parenteral: Administer as continuous IV infusion via infusion pump. Solution should be protected from light, but not necessary to wrap administration set or IV tubing.
Concentrated solution (25 mg/mL): Not for direct injection; must dilute prior to administration.
Ready to use (0.5 mg/mL): No further dilution required
Storage/Stability
Nitropress, Nipride RTU vial: Store at 20°C to 25°C (68°F to 77°F). Protect from light; recommended to store in carton until used.
Stability of parenteral admixture in D5W, LR, or NS at room temperature (25°C) and at refrigeration temperature (4°C) is 24 hours.
Preparation for Administration: Adult
Nitropress: Prior to administration, nitroprusside sodium should be further diluted by diluting 50 mg in 250 to 1,000 mL of D5W (preferred), LR, or NS.
Nipride RTU vial: Premixed solutions are available.
Use only clear solutions; solutions of nitroprusside exhibit a color described as brownish, brown, brownish-pink, light orange, and straw. Solutions are highly sensitive to light. Exposure to light causes decomposition, resulting in a highly colored solution of orange, dark brown or blue. A blue color indicates almost complete decomposition. Do not use discolored solutions (eg, blue, green, red) or solutions in which particulate matter is visible.
Prepared solutions should be wrapped as soon as possible with aluminum foil or other opaque material to protect from light.
Preparation for Administration: Pediatric
Parenteral: Use only clear solutions; solutions of nitroprusside exhibit a color described as brownish, brown, brownish-pink, light orange, and straw. Solutions are highly sensitive to light. Exposure to light causes decomposition, resulting in a highly colored solution of orange, dark brown, or blue. A blue color indicates almost complete decomposition. Do not use discolored solutions (eg, blue, green, red) or solutions in which particulate matter is visible. Do not add other medications to nitroprusside solutions. Prepared solutions should be wrapped with aluminum foil or other opaque material to protect from light (do as soon as possible).
Concentrated solution (25 mg/mL): Must dilute prior to administration; dilute with D5W (preferred), LR, or NS to a concentration of 50 to 200 mcg/mL; in fluid restricted patients, concentrations up to 1,000 mcg/mL in D5W have been used (Murray 2014; Pramer 1991).
Compatibility
See Trissel’s IV Compatibility Database
Open Trissel's IV Compatibility
Medication Patient Education with HCAHPS Considerations
What is this drug used for?
• It is used to lower blood pressure.
• It is used to treat heart failure (weak heart).
Other side effects of this drug: Talk with your doctor right away if you have any of these signs of:
• Acidosis like confusion, fast breathing, fast heartbeat, abnormal heartbeat, severe abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, fatigue, shortness of breath, or loss of strength and energy.
• Methemoglobinemia like blue or gray color of the lips, nails, or skin; abnormal heartbeat; seizures; severe dizziness or passing out; severe headache; fatigue; loss of strength and energy; or shortness of breath.
• Severe headache
• Small pupils
• Severe dizziness
• Passing out
• Noise or ringing in the ears
• Signs of a significant reaction like wheezing; chest tightness; fever; itching; bad cough; blue skin color; seizures; or swelling of face, lips, tongue, or throat.
Note: This is not a comprehensive list of all side effects. Talk to your doctor if you have questions.
Consumer Information Use and Disclaimer: This information should not be used to decide whether or not to take this medicine or any other medicine. Only the healthcare provider has the knowledge and training to decide which medicines are right for a specific patient. This information does not endorse any medicine as safe, effective, or approved for treating any patient or health condition. This is only a brief summary of general information about this medicine. It does NOT include all information about the possible uses, directions, warnings, precautions, interactions, adverse effects, or risks that may apply to this medicine. This information is not specific medical advice and does not replace information you receive from the healthcare provider. You must talk with the healthcare provider for complete information about the risks and benefits of using this medicine.
Medication Safety Issues
Sound-alike/look-alike issues:
High alert medication:
Contraindications
Treatment of compensatory hypertension (aortic coarctation, arteriovenous shunting); to produce controlled hypotension during surgery in patients with known inadequate cerebral circulation or in moribund patients (A.S.A. Class 5E) requiring emergency surgery; acute heart failure associated with reduced systemic vascular resistance (eg, septic shock); congenital (Leber's) optic atrophy or tobacco amblyopia; concomitant use with sildenafil, tadalafil, vardenafil, or riociguat
Canadian labeling: Additional contraindication (not in US labeling): Hypersensitivity to nitroprusside or any component of the formulation; uncorrected anemia or hypovolemia; hepatic disease; severe renal disease; disease states associated with vitamin B12 deficiency
Warnings/Precautions
Concerns related to adverse effects:
• Cyanide toxicity: [US Boxed Warning]: Except when used briefly or at low (<2 mcg/kg/minute) infusion rates, nitroprusside gives rise to large cyanide quantities. Do not use the maximum dose for more than 10 minutes; if blood pressure is not controlled by the maximum rate (ie, 10 mcg/kg/minute) after 10 minutes, discontinue infusion. Monitor for cyanide toxicity via acid-base balance and venous oxygen concentration; however, clinicians should note that these indicators may not always reliably indicate cyanide toxicity. Patients at risk of cyanide toxicity include those who are malnourished, have hepatic impairment, or those undergoing cardiopulmonary bypass, or therapeutic hypothermia (Rindone 1992). Discontinue use of nitroprusside if signs and/or symptoms of cyanide toxicity (eg, metabolic acidosis, decreased oxygen saturation, bradycardia, confusion, convulsions) occur. Although not routinely done, sodium thiosulfate has been co-administered with nitroprusside using a 10:1 ratio of sodium thiosulfate to nitroprusside when higher doses of nitroprusside are used (eg, 4 to 10 mcg/kg/minute) for extended periods of time in order to prevent cyanide toxicity (Shulz 2010; Varon 2008); thiocyanate toxicity may still occur with this approach (Rindone 1992). The use of other agents (eg, clevidipine, labetalol, nicardipine) should be considered if blood pressure is not controlled with nitroprusside.
• Hypotension: [US Boxed Warning]: Excessive hypotension resulting in compromised perfusion of vital organs may occur; continuous blood pressure monitoring by experienced personnel is required.
• Increased intracranial pressure: Use may elevate intracranial pressure; in patients whose intracranial pressure is already elevated, use only with extreme caution.
Methemoglobinemia: Nitroprusside can cause a dose-dependent conversion of hemoglobin to methemoglobin. Methemoglobinemia should be suspected in any patient receiving >10 mg/kg of nitroprusside and exhibiting signs of impaired oxygen delivery despite adequate cardiac output and arterial pO2. Symptomatic patients, regardless of methemoglobin level should be treated with methylene blue (first-line). Treatment is suggested if level is ≥30% even if asymptomatic unless patient has a preexisting condition (eg, coronary artery disease) and are incapable of tolerating reductions in oxygen carrying capacity then treatment is suggested if level reaches 10% (Cortazzo 2013).
• Thiocyanate toxicity: Can occur in patients with renal impairment or those on prolonged infusions (ie, >3 mcg/kg/minute for >72 hours).
Disease-related concerns:
• Anemia: When nitroprusside is used for controlled hypotension during surgery, correct pre-existing anemia prior to use when possible.
• Hepatic impairment: Use with extreme caution in patients with hepatic impairment.
• Hypovolemia: When nitroprusside is used for controlled hypotension during surgery, correct pre-existing hypovolemia prior to use when possible.
• Myocardial infarction: Use caution in patients with acute myocardial infarction because of hemodynamic effects and possible coronary steal.
• Renal impairment: Use with extreme caution in patients with renal impairment; use the lowest end of the dosage range; monitor thiocyanate concentrations closely.
Other warnings/precautions:
• Appropriate administration: Nitropress: [US Boxed Warning]: Solution must be further diluted with 5% dextrose in water. Do not administer by direct injection.
* See Cautions in AHFS Essentials for additional information.
Geriatric Considerations
Elderly patients may have an increased sensitivity to nitroprusside possibly due to a decreased baroreceptor reflex, altered sensitivity to vasodilating effects or a resistance of cardiac adrenergic receptors to stimulation by catecholamines.
Pregnancy Risk Factor
C
Pregnancy Considerations
Animal studies have shown that nitroprusside may cross the placental barrier and result in fetal cyanide levels that are dose-related to maternal nitroprusside levels. However, information related to use in pregnancy is limited.
Breast-Feeding Considerations
It is not known if nitroprusside is present in breast milk. Due to the potential for serious adverse reactions in the breastfed infant, a decision should be made whether to discontinue breastfeeding or to discontinue the drug, taking into account the importance of treatment to the mother.
Briggs' Drugs in Pregnancy & Lactation
Adverse Reactions
Frequency not defined:
Cardiovascular: Bradycardia, ECG changes, flushing, palpitations, severe hypotension, substernal pain, tachycardia
Central nervous system: Apprehension, dizziness, headache, increased intracranial pressure, restlessness
Dermatologic: Diaphoresis, localized erythematous streaking, skin rash
Endocrine & metabolic: Hypothyroidism
Gastrointestinal: Abdominal pain, intestinal obstruction, nausea, retching
Hematologic & oncologic: Decreased platelet aggregation, methemoglobinemia
Local: Irritation at injection site
Neuromuscular & skeletal: Muscle twitching
* See Cautions in AHFS Essentials for additional information.
Metabolism/Transport Effects
None known.
Drug Interactions Open Interactions
Alfuzosin: May enhance the hypotensive effect of Blood Pressure Lowering Agents. Risk C: Monitor therapy
Amifostine: Blood Pressure Lowering Agents may enhance the hypotensive effect of Amifostine. Management: When amifostine is used at chemotherapy doses, blood pressure lowering medications should be withheld for 24 hours prior to amifostine administration. If blood pressure lowering therapy cannot be withheld, amifostine should not be administered. Risk D: Consider therapy modification
Amphetamines: May diminish the antihypertensive effect of Antihypertensive Agents. Risk C: Monitor therapy
Antipsychotic Agents (Second Generation [Atypical]): Blood Pressure Lowering Agents may enhance the hypotensive effect of Antipsychotic Agents (Second Generation [Atypical]). Risk C: Monitor therapy
Barbiturates: May enhance the hypotensive effect of Blood Pressure Lowering Agents. Risk C: Monitor therapy
Benperidol: May enhance the hypotensive effect of Blood Pressure Lowering Agents. Risk C: Monitor therapy
Blood Pressure Lowering Agents: May enhance the hypotensive effect of Nitroprusside. Risk C: Monitor therapy
Brigatinib: May diminish the antihypertensive effect of Antihypertensive Agents. Brigatinib may enhance the bradycardic effect of Antihypertensive Agents. Risk C: Monitor therapy
Brimonidine (Topical): May enhance the hypotensive effect of Blood Pressure Lowering Agents. Risk C: Monitor therapy
Bromperidol: Blood Pressure Lowering Agents may enhance the hypotensive effect of Bromperidol. Bromperidol may diminish the hypotensive effect of Blood Pressure Lowering Agents. Risk X: Avoid combination
Dapsone (Topical): May enhance the adverse/toxic effect of Methemoglobinemia Associated Agents. Risk C: Monitor therapy
Dexmethylphenidate: May diminish the therapeutic effect of Antihypertensive Agents. Risk C: Monitor therapy
Diazoxide: May enhance the hypotensive effect of Blood Pressure Lowering Agents. Risk C: Monitor therapy
DULoxetine: Blood Pressure Lowering Agents may enhance the hypotensive effect of DULoxetine. Risk C: Monitor therapy
Herbs (Hypertensive Properties): May diminish the antihypertensive effect of Antihypertensive Agents. Risk C: Monitor therapy
Herbs (Hypotensive Properties): May enhance the hypotensive effect of Blood Pressure Lowering Agents. Risk C: Monitor therapy
Local Anesthetics: Methemoglobinemia Associated Agents may enhance the adverse/toxic effect of Local Anesthetics. Specifically, the risk for methemoglobinemia may be increased. Risk C: Monitor therapy
Lormetazepam: May enhance the hypotensive effect of Blood Pressure Lowering Agents. Risk C: Monitor therapy
Methylphenidate: May diminish the antihypertensive effect of Antihypertensive Agents. Risk C: Monitor therapy
Molsidomine: May enhance the hypotensive effect of Blood Pressure Lowering Agents. Risk C: Monitor therapy
Naftopidil: May enhance the hypotensive effect of Blood Pressure Lowering Agents. Risk C: Monitor therapy
Nicergoline: May enhance the hypotensive effect of Blood Pressure Lowering Agents. Risk C: Monitor therapy
Nicorandil: May enhance the hypotensive effect of Blood Pressure Lowering Agents. Risk C: Monitor therapy
Nitric Oxide: May enhance the adverse/toxic effect of Methemoglobinemia Associated Agents. Combinations of these agents may increase the likelihood of significant methemoglobinemia. Risk C: Monitor therapy
Obinutuzumab: May enhance the hypotensive effect of Blood Pressure Lowering Agents. Management: Consider temporarily withholding blood pressure lowering medications beginning 12 hours prior to obinutuzumab infusion and continuing until 1 hour after the end of the infusion. Risk D: Consider therapy modification
Pentoxifylline: May enhance the hypotensive effect of Blood Pressure Lowering Agents. Risk C: Monitor therapy
Pholcodine: Blood Pressure Lowering Agents may enhance the hypotensive effect of Pholcodine. Risk C: Monitor therapy
Phosphodiesterase 5 Inhibitors: May enhance the hypotensive effect of Nitroprusside. Risk X: Avoid combination
Prilocaine: Methemoglobinemia Associated Agents may enhance the adverse/toxic effect of Prilocaine. Combinations of these agents may increase the likelihood of significant methemoglobinemia. Management: Monitor patients for signs of methemoglobinemia (e.g., hypoxia, cyanosis) when prilocaine is used in combination with other agents associated with development of methemoglobinemia. Avoid lidocaine/prilocaine in infants receiving such agents. Risk C: Monitor therapy
Prostacyclin Analogues: May enhance the hypotensive effect of Blood Pressure Lowering Agents. Risk C: Monitor therapy
Quinagolide: May enhance the hypotensive effect of Blood Pressure Lowering Agents. Risk C: Monitor therapy
Riociguat: May enhance the hypotensive effect of Nitroprusside. Risk X: Avoid combination
Sodium Nitrite: Methemoglobinemia Associated Agents may enhance the adverse/toxic effect of Sodium Nitrite. Combinations of these agents may increase the likelihood of significant methemoglobinemia. Risk C: Monitor therapy
Yohimbine: May diminish the antihypertensive effect of Antihypertensive Agents. Risk C: Monitor therapy
Monitoring Parameters
Blood pressure via arterial line and heart rate (cardiac monitor and blood pressure monitor required) (Friedrich 1995); monitor for cyanide and thiocyanate toxicity; monitor venous oxygen saturation; monitor acid-base status as acidosis can be the earliest sign of cyanide toxicity; monitor thiocyanate levels if requiring prolonged infusion (>3 days) or dose >3 mcg/kg/minute or patient has renal dysfunction; monitor cyanide blood levels (if available with appropriate turnaround time) in patients with decreased hepatic function
Consult individual institutional policies and procedures.
Reference Range
Serum thiocyanate levels are not helpful in detecting toxicity. A level may be confirmatory if a patient is exhibiting signs and symptoms of thiocyanate toxicity. Initial signs of toxicity (eg, tinnitus) may be observed at levels >35 mcg/mL (manufacturer suggests 60 mcg/mL), but serious toxicity typically may not occur with levels <100 mcg/mL.
Advanced Practitioners Physical Assessment/Monitoring
Infusion site must be monitored closely to prevent extravasation. Continuous blood pressure monitoring is needed. Assess acid/base balance (metabolic acidosis is early sign of cyanide toxicity). Monitor for disorientation, hypoxia, and muscular twitching.
Nursing Physical Assessment/Monitoring
Monitor infusion site closely to prevent extravasation. Monitor patient blood pressure continuously. Assess acid/base balance (metabolic acidosis is early sign of cyanide toxicity). Monitor for disorientation, hypoxia, and muscular twitching.
Dosage Forms: US
Excipient information presented when available (limited, particularly for generics); consult specific product labeling. [DSC] = Discontinued product
Solution, Intravenous, as sodium:
Nipride RTU: 20 mg/100 mL in NaCl 0.9% (100 mL)
Nitropress: 25 mg/mL (2 mL)
Generic: 25 mg/mL (2 mL)
Solution, Intravenous, as sodium [preservative free]:
Nipride RTU: 10 mg/50 mL in NaCl 0.9% (50 mL [DSC]); 50 mg/100 mL in NaCl 0.9% (100 mL)
Generic: 25 mg/mL (2 mL)
Dosage Forms: Canada
Excipient information presented when available (limited, particularly for generics); consult specific product labeling.
Solution, Intravenous, as sodium:
Nipride: 25 mg/mL (2 mL)
Generic: 25 mg/mL (2 mL)
Anatomic Therapeutic Chemical (ATC) Classification
- C02DD01
Generic Available (US)
Yes
Pricing: US
Solution (Nipride RTU Intravenous)
20 mg/100 mL 0.9% (per mL): $0.54
50 mg/100 mL 0.9% (per mL): $0.66
Solution (Nitropress Intravenous)
25 mg/mL (per mL): $180.00
Solution (Nitroprusside Sodium Intravenous)
25 mg/mL (per mL): $12.00 - $161.82
Disclaimer: A representative AWP (Average Wholesale Price) price or price range is provided as reference price only. A range is provided when more than one manufacturer's AWP price is available and uses the low and high price reported by the manufacturers to determine the range. The pricing data should be used for benchmarking purposes only, and as such should not be used alone to set or adjudicate any prices for reimbursement or purchasing functions or considered to be an exact price for a single product and/or manufacturer. Medi-Span expressly disclaims all warranties of any kind or nature, whether express or implied, and assumes no liability with respect to accuracy of price or price range data published in its solutions. In no event shall Medi-Span be liable for special, indirect, incidental, or consequential damages arising from use of price or price range data. Pricing data is updated monthly.
Mechanism of Action
Causes peripheral vasodilation by direct action on venous and arteriolar smooth muscle, thus reducing peripheral resistance; will increase cardiac output by decreasing afterload; reduces aortal and left ventricular impedance
Pharmacodynamics/Kinetics
Onset of action: Hypotensive effect: <2 minutes
Duration: Hypotensive effect: 1-10 minutes
Metabolism: Nitroprusside combines with hemoglobin to produce cyanide and cyanmethemoglobin. Cyanide detoxification occurs via rhodanase-mediated conversion of cyanide to thiocyanate; rhodanase couples cyanide molecules to sulfane sulfur groups from a sulfur donor (eg, thiosulfate, cystine, cysteine). This process has limited capacity and may become overwhelmed with large exposures once sulfur donor supplies are exhausted resulting in toxicity.
Half-life elimination: Nitroprusside, circulatory: ~2 minutes; Thiocyanate, elimination: ~3 days (may be doubled or tripled in renal failure)
Excretion: Urine (as thiocyanate)
Local Anesthetic/Vasoconstrictor Precautions
No information available to require special precautions
Effects on Dental Treatment
No significant effects or complications reported
Effects on Bleeding
No information available to require special precautions
Related Information
Index Terms
Nitroprusside Sodium; Sodium Nitroferricyanide; Sodium Nitroprusside
FDA Approval Date
September 08, 1981
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Brand Names: International
Doketrol (AR); Naniprus (PL); Nipride (BE, CH, FR, GB, IE, LU, NL, SA); Niprusodio (UY); Nipruss (DE, JO, LU); Nitan (MX); Nitriate (EG, FR, VN); Nitrocef (BD); Nitroprus (BR); Nitroprusiato de sodio (PE, PY, VE); Nitroprusiato de sodio-ecar (CO); Nitroprussiat Fides (ES); Sodio Nitroprussiato (IT); Sodium Nitroprusside (GB); Sodium Nitroprusside BP (AU); Sonide (IN)
Last Updated 2/28/20
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