1. AFTER
Meaning: later than another action
Structure: After + noun / After + subject + verb
Examples:
After lunch, we went home.
After she finished her work, she watched TV.
Meaning: earlier than another action
Structure: Before + noun / Before + subject + verb
Examples:
Before class, he drank coffee.
Before I went to bed, I brushed my teeth.
Meaning: as soon as; after something happens one time
Structure: Once + subject + verb
Examples:
Once you try it, you’ll love it.
Once he arrived, the meeting started.
Meaning: from a point in time until now
Structure: Since + point in time / Since + subject + verb (past)
Examples:
I have lived here since 2010.
She has been sad since she lost her job.
Meaning: duration of time
Structure: For + length of time
Examples:
I’ve studied English for 5 years.
He stayed there for a long time.
Meaning: during; at the same time
Structure: While + subject + continuous verb
Examples:
She cooked while listening to music.
While I was walking, it started to rain.
Meaning: at the time something happens
Structure: When + subject + verb
Examples:
When I arrived, he was sleeping.
Call me when you are free.
Meaning: up to the time
Structure: until + noun / until + subject + verb
Examples:
Wait until 5 o’clock.
I stayed until she came back.
Main meaning here: while; at the same time
Structure: As + subject + continuous verb
Examples:
As I was leaving, he arrived.
She smiled as she spoke.
Meaning: every time
Structure: Whenever + subject + verb
Examples:
Whenever I see him, I smile.
Call me whenever you need help.
Meaning: immediately after
Structure: As soon as + subject + verb
Examples:
As soon as he finishes, he will call.
I’ll text you as soon as I arrive.
Meaning: one action happens, another follows immediately
Grammar:
No sooner + had + subject + past participle + than + clause
Examples:
No sooner had I sat down than the phone rang.
No sooner had she arrived than it started raining.
(Formal, used in writing.)
Meaning: immediately after
Grammar:
Hardly + had + subject + past participle + when + clause
Examples:
Hardly had he entered when the lights went out.
Hardly had I begun speaking when he interrupted.
Meaning: next; afterward
Structure: Used in sequence
Examples:
First we ate, then we left.
She finished her work, then watched TV.
Degree
1 Very few cities are as hot as Deesa.
2 Raj is as rich as Priya.
1 My bike is faster than your bike.
2 Nikunj is smarter than Vaibhav.
1 Peacock is the most beautiful bird.
2 Neha is the cleverest girl in the class.
However, Though, All though, Even though, as, yet, still, in spite of, despite
Though he is fat, he runs fast.
However fat he is, he runs fast.
Fat as he is, he runs fast.
He is fat but he runs fast.
Inspite of being fat, he runs fast.
used to, to be used to , get used to
Making supposition
as if, as though
Manner of Action-
as , (other prefix and suffix can be used for)
Condition
1 If,
2 unless ,
3 or ,
4 otherwise
જ્યારે આપણે વર્તમાન કે ભવિષ્ય ને અનુલક્ષી ને કોઈ શરત દર્શાવતા હોઈએ ત્યારે આપણે આ ફંક્શન નો ઉપયોગ કરી શકાય.
1 If you work hard, you will get success.
2 Unless you will not buy pass, you will not be allowed to enter in the hall.
3 Pay light bill otherwise company will disconnect your electricity connection.
Expressing condition in the past:
Condition in past
જ્યારે ભૂતકાળમાં કોઈ ઘટના બની હોય અને તે ઘટના નું જોઈતું પરિણામ ના આવ્યું હોય ત્યારે શું થયું હોત તો જોઈતું પરિણામ મેળવી શકયું હોત આ પ્રકાર ની શરત દર્શાવવા માટે નીચે મુજબ ના ફંક્શન નો ઉપયોગ થાય છે .
1 If
2 Had
3 Unless
4 Would have
1 If you had read well, you would have passed the exam.
2 Unless he had caught the train, he would not have reached here.
3 Had you prepared well, you would have passed the exam.
Showing purpose
so that, with a view to, in order to, in search of,
Showing time
alternative choice
suggestions
Showing result
1 too...to,
2 so... that ,
3 such... that
1 too...to
અહિયાં પહેલા જે 'ટૂ' આપેલ છે તે "બહુજ ' એટલે કે અતિશયોક્તિ ના ભાવ માં વપરાયેલ છે. જ્યારે બીજો 'to' છે તે infinitive છે એટલે કે તેમ કરવા તેવો ભાવ ઊભો થાય.
Shreya is too cleaver to solve any some.
Rakesh runs too fast to win the race.
Mukesh Amabani Sir is too rich to take over any business.
Showing reason
Why, because, because of, since, for , as, to, due to, owing to, on account of, therefor
double comparison
Describing person
Subjective - Who, that
Objective - Whom
Describing thing
Such ...as, Same ...as
Which , that
Describing place
Where
Describing time
When
Since
for
as soon as
no sooner...
Select the most appropriate language function from the brackets and write them against the given sentences.(describing person, expressing condition, expressing condition in the past, comparing person)
1. Prerana sings as sweet as Snehal.
2 Had he trained well, he would have achieved his goal.
3 Focus and study well, otherwise you will not get good marks.
4 Nikita is smart and intelligent girl.
5 Close the door properly or the dog will enter.
6 Unless you had spent money behind wrong thing, you will have money for right thing.
7.Unless I had seen the message, I would not have left the office early.
8.Niharika is the cutest girl in the school.
9.If you would have informed me about the picnic earlier, I would have collected some money.
10.Alibhai is tall and strong person with long beard.
11.Had you locked your bike, it would not have been stolen.