Stanier's research career included a diverse variety of research problems bound by a desire to synthesize the general and specific patterns observed in bacteria into a more unified understanding of biology as a whole.[11] Together with C. B. van Niel, Stanier was described by Carl Woese as one of the "only consistently insightful and articulate reporters of the early search for a microbial phylogeny".[12] Stanier participated in Bergey's Manual Trust during its conception.[1] He invented the technique of simultaneous adaption for the analysis of metabolic pathways.[13]
From his early days, taxonomy was a constant challenge to Stanier and his interest in the subject drew him into the Bergey's Manual Trust (USA) during the years of its gestation. The Bergey's Manual Trust developed into the scholarly authority for species recognition. Roger Stanier did much for its character and content, which gave him a wide view of microbiology and his interest evolved on a broad scale. His brilliant effort to bridge the gaps in our knowledge of complex evolutionary development helped characterize the microbial world.
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Roger Stanier's approach was highly influential because he thought that the difficult questions facing biology should also include microorganisms. By and large, Stanier brought microbiology into the mainstream of the biological sciences. He became renowned for his enormous studies on the fundamentals of microbiology and related biochemistry. His pioneering research concerned enzyme adaptation, the role of pigments, the assimilation of components with regard to chlorophyll, the oxidative processes of aromatic compounds, the comparative biochemistry and evolution of microorganisms and the establishment of blue-green algae as cyanobacteria. This interest in blue-green algae stemmed from his earlier passion for taxonomy and photosynthesis, and the need to determine the distinction between prokaryotes and higher microbial eukaryotes. In the novel investigation of the blue-green algae, Stanier and his wife, Germaine, stressed structure and function relationships, receiving overwhelming substantiation from increasing microscopy studies.
Just before starting graduate studies at UCLA in 1938, Stanier took the microbiology summer course taught by C.B. van Niel at Hopkins Marine Station at Pacific Grove. This turned out to be the watershed experience that made him choose general microbiology as his domain of research and van Niel as his life-long master and mentor. After receiving the M.A. in bacteriology from UCLA in 1939, he returned to Pacific Grove to work under van Niel's direction on his Ph.D. dissertation, which he completed in 1942. He then returned to Canada to take part in the development of the large-scale industrial production of penicillin, at that time of great importance for the Allied war effort. After the war, he spent a year at Cambridge University as a Guggenheim fellow, and in 1947 he joined the faculty of the UCB Department of Bacteriology.
Norberto J. Palleroni passed away on March 5, 2018, at the age of 96. He was internationally recognized as an authority in bacterial taxonomy, particularly the genus Pseudomonas. His work on this genus culminated in the first demonstration of the power of ribosomal RNA homology experiments as a tool of general use in bacterial taxonomic and phylogenetic studies. This work stimulated research along similar lines on other microbial groups, resulting in the development of new approaches in the study of bacterial phylogeny. In addition, his early work on bacterial classification utilizing genomic DNA-DNA hybridization techniques initiated the exploration of the genome complexity of Pseudomonas and other bacterial taxa.
Several bacterial species and a genus have been named in Norberto Palleroni's honor. Although he would usually complain about non-descriptive taxonomic names, he did take some personal pride in these taxa. There is a Hydrogenophaga palleronii (an autotrophic hydrogen bacterium capable of fixing carbon dioxide using the energy of hydrogen oxidation and originally named Pseudomonas palleronii), an Actinoplanes palleronii (a rare actinomycete that has motile spores) and Pseudomonas palleroniana (a heterotrophic bacterium isolated from rice, belonging to the genus Pseudomonas, to which Palleroni has dedicated many years of his scientific life). Most recently to these three names, was added the description of a new genus, Palleronia, with the species Palleronia marisminoris, a moderate halophilic species isolated from the Mediterranean coast of Spain. These dedications recognized Dr. Palleroni's expertise on general microbiology, to which he has contributed with the introduction of molecular approaches to the taxonomy of bacteria, with the proposal of a new system of classification of Pseudomonas species, and with the design of original isolation and cultivation methods for members of various microbial groups. be457b7860
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