This chapter shall govern the materials and installation of plumbing fixtures, including faucets and fixture fittings, and the minimum number of plumbing fixtures required based on occupancy.
Plumbing fixtures shall be constructed of dense, durable, non-absorbent materials and shall have smooth, impervious surfaces, free from unnecessary concealed fouling surfaces.
Plumbing fixtures shall be installed in a manner to afford easy access for repairs and cleaning. Pipes from fixtures shall be run to the nearest wall.
Where a fixture comes in contact with the wall or floor, the joint between the fixture and the wall or floor shall be made watertight.
Floor-outlet or floor-mounted fixtures shall be rigidly secured to the drainage connection and to the floor, where so designed, by screws or bolts of copper, copper alloy, or other equally corrosion-resistant material.
Wall-hung fixtures shall be rigidly supported by metal supporting members so that no strain is transmitted to the connections. Floor-affixed supports for off-the-floor plumbing fixtures for public use shall comply with ASME A112.6.1M. Framing-affixed supports for off-the-floor water closets with concealed tanks shall comply with ASME A112.6.2. Flush tanks and similar appurtenances shall be secured by approved non-corrosive screws or bolts.
Fixtures shall be set level and in proper alignment with reference to adjacent walls. No water closet or bidet shall be set closer than 15 inches (381 mm) from its center to a side wall or obstruction or closer than 30 inches (762 mm) center to center to a similar fixture. The clear space in front of a water closet, lavatory, or bidet shall be not less than 24 inches (610 mm). No urinal shall be set closer than 12 inches (305 mm) from its center to a side wall or partition or closer than 24 inches (610 mm) center to center.
Exception: The installation of paper dispensers or accessibility grab bars shall not be considered obstructions.
Fixture connections between drainage pipes and water closets, floor outlet service sinks and urinals shall be made using an approved copper alloy, hard lead, ABS, PVC, or iron flanges caulked, soldered, solvent cemented; rubber compression gaskets; or screwed to the drainage pipe. The connection shall be bolted with an approved gasket, washer, or setting compound between the fixture and the connection. The bottom of the flange shall be set on an approved firm base.
Wall-mounted water closet fixtures shall be securely bolted to an approved carrier fitting. The connecting pipe between the carrier fitting and the fixture shall be an approved material and designed to accommodate an adequately sized gasket. Gasket material shall be neoprene, felt, or similar approved types.
Closet rings (closet flanges) for water closets or similar fixtures shall be of an approved type and shall be copper alloy, copper, hard lead, cast-iron, galvanized malleable iron, ABS, PVC, or other approved materials. Each such closet ring (closet flange) shall be approximately 7 inches (178 mm) in diameter and, where installed, shall, together with the soil pipe, present a 11/2 inch (38 mm) wide flange or face to receive the fixture gasket or closet seal.
Caulked-on closet rings (closet flanges) shall be not less than 1/4 of an inch (6.4 mm) thick and not less than 2 inches (51 mm) in overall depth.
Closet rings (closet flanges) shall be burned or soldered to lead bends or stubs, shall be caulked to cast-iron soil pipe, shall be solvent cemented to ABS and PVC, and shall be screwed or fastened in an approved manner to other materials.
Closet bends or stubs shall be cut-off to present a smooth surface even with the top of the closet ring before the rough inspection is called.
Closet rings (closet flanges) shall be adequately designed and secured to support fixtures connected thereto.
Closet screws, bolts, washers, and similar fasteners shall be of copper alloy, copper, or other listed equally corrosion-resistant materials. Screws and bolts shall be of a size and number to properly support the fixture installed.
Floor-mounted, back-outlet water closet bowls shall be set level with an angle of 90 degrees (1.57 rad) between the floor and wall at the centerline of the fixture outlet. The floor and wall shall have a flat mounting surface not less than 5 inches (127 mm) to the right and left of the fixture outlet centerline. The fixture shall be secured to the wall outlet flange or drainage connection and the floor by corrosion-resistant screws or bolts. The closet flange shall be secured to a firm base.
Where floor-mounted, back-outlet water closets are used, the soil pipe shall be not less than 3 inches (80 mm) in diameter. Offset, eccentric, or reducing floor flanges shall not be used.
The supply lines and fittings for every plumbing fixture shall be so installed as to prevent backflow in accordance with Chapter 6.
Fixtures shall be installed in accordance with the manufacturer's installation instructions.
Plumbing fixtures shall be installed in accordance with the manufacturer's installation instructions. The means of backflow prevention shall not be compromised by the designated fixture fitting mounting surface.
Fixtures having concealed slip joint connections shall be provided with an access panel or utility space not less than 12 inches (305 mm) in its least dimension and so arranged without obstructions as to make such connections accessible for inspection and repair.
Where provisions are made for the future installation of fixtures, those provided for shall be considered in determining the required sizes of the drain and water supply piping. Construction for future installations shall be terminated with a plugged fitting or fittings. Where the plugged fitting is at the point where the trap of a fixture is installed, the plumbing system for such fixture shall be complete and be in accordance with the plumbing requirements of this code.
Where accessible facilities are required in applicable building regulations, the facilities shall be installed in accordance with those regulations.
Plumbing fixtures and fixture fittings for persons with disabilities shall be in accordance with ICC A117.1 and the applicable standards referenced in Chapter 4.
Water supply and drain pipes under accessible lavatories and sinks shall be insulated or otherwise be configured to protect against contact. Protectors, insulators, or both shall comply with ASME A112.18.9 or ASTM C1822.
Waste fittings shall comply with ASME A112.18.2/CSA B125.2, ASTM F409 or Table 701.2 for aboveground drainage piping and fittings.
Where a fixture is provided with an overflow, the waste shall be so arranged that the standing water in the fixture shall not rise in the overflow where the stopper is closed or remain in the overflow where the fixture is empty. The overflow pipe from a fixture shall be connected to the house or inlet side of the fixture trap, except that overflow on flush tanks shall be permitted to discharge into the water closets or urinals served by them, but it shall be unlawful to connect such overflows with any other part of the drainage system.
Water closets having an invisible seal or an unventilated space or having walls which are not thoroughly washed at each discharge shall be prohibited. A water closet that might permit siphonage of the contents of the bowl back into the tank shall be prohibited.
Trough urinals and urinals with an invisible seal shall be prohibited.
Fixed wooden, or tile wash trays or sinks for domestic use shall not be installed in a building designed or used for human habitation. No sheet metal-lined wooden bathtub shall be installed or reconnected. No dry or chemical closet (toilet) shall be installed in a building used for human habitation unless first approved by the Health Officer.
Baptisteries, ornamental and lily ponds, aquaria, ornamental fountain basins, and similar fixtures and specialties requiring water, waste connections, or both shall be submitted for approval to the Authority Having Jurisdiction prior to installation.
Restaurant kitchen and other special use sinks shall be permitted to be made of approved-type bonderize and galvanized sheet steel of not less than No. 16 U.S. gauge (0.0635 inches) (1.6 mm). Sheet-metal plumbing fixtures shall be adequately designed, constructed, and braced in an approved manner to accomplish their intended purpose.
Special use fixtures shall be made of one of the following:
Soapstone
Chemical stoneware
Copper-based alloy
Nickel-based alloy
Corrosion-resistant steel
Other materials suited for the intended use of the fixture
Zinc alloy components shall comply with applicable nationally recognized standards and shall be used in accordance with their listing.
Lavatories shall comply with ASME A112.19.
The maximum water flow rate of faucets shall comply with Section 407.2.1 and Section 407.2.2.
The maximum flow rate for public lavatory faucets shall not exceed 0.5 gpm at 60 psi (1.9 L/m at 414 kPa) and 2.2 gpm at 60 psi (8.3 L/m at 414 kPa) for private lavatory faucets.
Metered faucets shall deliver a maximum of 0.25 gallons (1.0 L) per metering cycle.
Hot water delivered from public-use lavatories shall be limited to a maximum temperature of 120°F (49°C) by a device that complies with ASSE 1070/ASME A112.1070/CSA B125.70. The water heater thermostat shall not be considered a control for meeting this provision.
Self-closing or metering faucets shall be installed on lavatories intended to serve the transient public, such as those in, but not limited to service stations, train stations, airports, restaurants, and convention halls.
Lavatories shall have a waste outlet and fixture tailpiece not less than 11/4 inches (32 mm) in diameter. Continuous wastes and fixture tailpieces shall be constructed from the materials specified in Section 701.4. Waste outlets shall be provided with an approved stopper or strainer.
Where overflows are provided, they shall be installed in accordance with Section 404.2
Manufactured shower receptors and shower bases shall comply with ASME A112.19.
Showerheads shall have a maximum flow rate of not more than 2.5 gpm at 80 psi (9.5 L/m at 552 kPa).
Showers and tub-shower combinations shall be provided with individual control valves of the pressure balance, thermostatic, or combination pressure balance/thermostatic mixing valve type that provide scald and thermal shock protection for the rated flow rate of the installed showerhead. These valves shall be installed at the point of use and comply with ASSE 1016/ASME A112.1016/CSA B125.16 or ASME A112.18.1/CSA B 125.1.
Gang showers, where supplied with a single temperature-controlled water supply pipe, shall be controlled by a mixing valve that complies with ASSE 1069. Handle position stops shall be provided on such valves and shall be adjusted per the manufacturer's instructions to deliver maximum mixed water setting of 120°F (49°C). Water heater thermostats shall not be considered a suitable control for meeting this provision.
Diagram
Showers shall have a waste outlet and fixture tailpiece not less than 2 inches (50 mm) in diameter. Fixture tailpieces shall be constructed from the materials specified in Section 701.2 for drainage piping. Strainers serving shower drains shall have a waterway at least equivalent to the area of the tailpiece.
Diagram
Where a shower receptor has a finished dam, curb, or threshold, it shall be not less than 1 inch (25.4 mm) lower than the sides and back of such receptor. In no case, shall a dam or threshold be less than 2 inches (51 mm) or exceeding 9 inches (229 mm) in depth where measured from the top of the dam or threshold to the top of the drain. Each such receptor shall be provided with an integral nailing flange to be located where the receptor meets the vertical surface of the finished interior of the shower compartment. The flange shall be watertight and extend vertically not less than 1 inch (25.4 mm) above the top of the sides of the receptor. The finished floor of the receptor shall slope uniformly from the sides towards the drain not less than 1/8 inch per foot (10.4 mm/m), nor more than 1/2 inch per foot (41.6 mm/m).
Thresholds shall be of sufficient width to accommodate a minimum 22 inch (559 mm) door. Shower doors shall open so as to maintain not less than a 22 inch (559 mm) unobstructed opening for egress. The immediate adjoining space to showers without thresholds shall be considered a wet location and shall comply with the requirements of the building, residential, and electrical codes.
Exceptions:
Showers in accordance with Section 403.2.
A cast-iron shower receptor flange shall be not less than 0.3 of an inch (7.62 mm) in height.
For flanges not used as a means of securing, the sealing flange shall be not less than 0.3 of an inch (7.62 mm) in height.
Diagram
Shower compartments, regardless of shape, shall have a minimum finished interior of 1024 square inches (0.6606 m2) and shall also be capable of encompassing a 30 inch (762 mm) circle. The minimum required area and dimensions shall be measured at a height equal to the top of the threshold and a point tangent to its centerline. The area and dimensions shall be maintained to a point of not less than 70 inches (1778 mm) above the shower drain outlet with no protrusions other than the fixture valve or valves, showerheads, soap dishes, shelves, and safety grab bars, or rails. Fold-down seats in accessible shower stalls shall be permitted to protrude into the 30 inch (762 mm) circle.
Exceptions:
Showers that are designed to be in accordance with ICC A117.1.
The minimum required area and dimension shall not apply for a shower receptor having overall dimensions of not less than 30 inches (762 mm) in width and 60 inches (1524 mm) in length.
Diagram
Shower receptors built on-site shall be watertight and shall be constructed from approved-type dense, nonabsorbent, and non-corrosive materials. Each such receptor shall be adequately reinforced, shall be provided with an approved flanged floor drain designed to make a watertight joint on the floor, and shall have smooth, impervious, and durable surfaces.
Shower receptors shall have the subfloor and rough side of walls to a height of not less than 3 inches (76 mm) above the top of the finished dam or threshold shall be first lined with sheet plastic, lead, or copper, or shall be lined with other durable and watertight materials. Showers that are provided with a built in place, permanent seat or seating area that is located within the shower enclosure, shall be first lined with sheet plastic, lead, copper, or shall be lined with other durable and watertight materials that extend not less than 3 inches (76 mm) above horizontal surfaces of the seat or the seating area.
Lining materials shall be pitched 1/4 inch per foot (20.8 mm/m) to weep holes in the subdrain of a smooth and solidly formed subbase. Such lining materials shall extend upward on the rough jambs of the shower opening to a point not less than 3 inches (76 mm) above the horizontal surfaces of the seat or the seating area, the top of the finished dam or threshold and shall extend outward over the top of the permanent seat, permanent seating area, or rough threshold and be turned over and fastened on the outside face of both the permanent seat, permanent seating area, or rough threshold and the jambs.
Nonmetallic shower subpans or linings shall be permitted to be built up on the job site of not less than three layers of standard grade 15 pound (6.8 kg) asphalt impregnated roofing felt. The bottom layer shall be fitted to the formed subbase and each succeeding layer thoroughly hot-mopped to that below. Corners shall be carefully fitted and shall be made strong and watertight by folding or lapping, and each corner shall be reinforced with suitable webbing hot-mopped in place.
Folds, laps, and reinforcing webbing shall extend not less than 4 inches (102 mm) in all directions from the corner, and webbing shall be of approved type and mesh, producing a tensile strength of not less than 50 pounds per square foot (lb/ft2) (244 kg/m2) in either direction. Nonmetallic shower subpans or linings shall be permitted to consist of multilayers of other approved equivalent materials suitably reinforced and carefully fitted in place on the job site as elsewhere required in this section.
Linings shall be properly recessed and fastened to the approved backing so as not to occupy the space required for the wall covering, and shall not be nailed or perforated at a point that is less than 1 inch (25.4 mm) above the finished dam or threshold. An approved type subdrain shall be installed with a shower subpan or lining. Each such subdrain shall be of the type that sets flush with the subbase and shall be equipped with a clamping ring or other device to make a tight connection between the lining and the drain. The subdrain shall have weep holes into the waste line. The weep holes located in the subdrain clamping ring shall be protected from clogging.
Plasticized polyvinyl chloride (PVC) sheets shall conform to ASTM D4551. Sheets shall be joined by solvent cementing in accordance with the manufacturer's installation instructions.
Nonplasticized chlorinated polyethylene sheets shall conform to ASTM D4068. The liner shall be joined in accordance with the manufacturer's installation instructions.
Sheet lead shall weigh not less than 4 lb/ft2 (19.5 kg/m2) and shall be coated with an asphalt paint or other approved coating. The lead sheet shall be insulated from conducting substances, other than the connecting drain, by 15 pound (6.8 kg) asphalt felt or an equivalent. Sheet lead shall be joined by burning.
Sheet copper shall comply with ASTM B152 and shall weigh not less than 12 ounces per square foot (oz/ft2) (3.7 kg/m2) or No. 24 B & S Gauge (0.02 inches) (0.51 mm). The copper sheet shall be insulated from conducting substances, other than the connecting drain, by 15 pound (6.8 kg) asphalt felt or an equivalent. Sheet copper shall be joined by brazing or soldering.
Shower receptors shall be tested for watertightness by filling with water to the level of the rough threshold. The test plug shall be so placed that both upper and under sides of the subpan shall be subjected to the test at the point where it is clamped to the drain.
Floors of public shower rooms shall have a nonskid surface and shall be drained in such a manner that wastewater from one bather shall not pass over areas occupied by other bathers. Gutters in public or gang shower rooms shall have rounded corners for easy cleaning and shall be sloped not less than 2 percent toward drains. Drains in gutters shall be spaced at a maximum of 8 feet (2438 mm) from sidewalls nor more than 16 feet (4877 mm) apart.
Control valves and showerheads shall be located on the sidewall of shower compartments or otherwise arranged so that the showerhead does not discharge directly at the entrance to the compartment so that the bather can adjust the valves before stepping into the shower spray.
A water supply riser from the shower valve to the showerhead outlet, whether exposed or not, shall be securely attached to the structure.
Bathtubs and whirlpool bathtubs shall have a waste outlet and fixture tailpiece not less than 11/2 inches (40 mm) in diameter. Fixture tailpieces shall be constructed from the materials specified in Section 701.2 for drainage piping. Waste outlets shall be provided with an approved stopper or strainer.
Where overflows are provided, they shall be installed in accordance with Section 404.2.
The maximum hot water temperature discharging from the bathtub and whirlpool bathtub filler shall be limited to 120°F (49°C) by a device that complies with ASSE 1070/ASME A112.1070/CSA B125.70. The water heater thermostat shall not be considered a control for meeting this provision.
The water supply to a bathtub and whirlpool bathtub filler valve shall be protected by an air gap or in accordance with Section 417.0.
Diagram
Bathtubs and whirlpool bathtubs shall be installed in accordance with the manufacturer's installation instructions. Access openings shall be of a size and opening to permit the removal and replacement of the circulation pump.
Whirlpool pump access located in the crawl space shall be located not more than 20 feet (6096 mm) from an access door, trap door, or crawl hole.
The circulation pump shall be located above the crown weir of the trap.
The pump and the circulation piping shall be self-draining to minimize water retention. Suction fittings on whirlpool bathtubs shall comply with ASME A112.19.7/CSA B45.10.
Flexible PVC hoses and tubing intended to be used on whirlpool bathtub water circulation systems or pneumatic systems shall comply with IAPMO Z1033.
Bidets shall comply with ASME A112.19.2/CSA B45.1 or ASME A112.19.3/CSA B45.4.
The water supply to the bidet shall be protected by an air gap or in accordance with Section 603.3.2, Section 603.3.5, or Section 603.3.6.
The maximum hot water temperature discharging from a bidet shall be limited to 110°F (43°C) by a device that complies with ASSE 1070/ASME A112.1070/CSA B125.70. The water heater thermostat shall not be considered a control for meeting this provision.
Water closets shall comply with ASME A112.19.2/CSA B45.1, ASME A112.19.3/CSA B45.4, or CSA B45.5/IAPMO Z124. Water closet bowls for public use shall be of the elongated type. In nurseries, schools, and other similar places where plumbing fixtures are provided for the use of children less than 6 years of age, water closets shall be of a size and height suitable for children's use.
Water closets shall have a maximum consumption not to exceed 1.6 gallons (6.0 Lpf) of water per flush.
Dual flush water closets shall comply with ASME A112.19.14. The effective flush volume for dual flush water closets shall be defined as the composite, average flush volume of two reduced flushes and one full flush.
Flushometer valve activated water closets shall have a maximum flush volume of 1.6 gallons (6.0 Lpf) of water per flush.
Water closet seats shall be properly sized for the water closet bowl type, and shall be of smooth, non-absorbent material. Seats, for public use, shall be of the elongated type and either of the open front type or have an automatic seat cover dispenser. Plastic seats shall comply with IAPMO Z124.5.
Water closets with integral personal hygiene devices shall comply with ASME A112.4.2/CSA B45.16.
Urinals shall comply with ASME A112.19.2/CSA B45.1, ASME A112.19.19, or CSA B45.5/IAPMO Z124. Urinals shall have an average water consumption not to exceed 1 gallon (3.8 Lpf) of water per flush.
Nonwater urinals shall have a liquid barrier sealant to maintain a trap seal. Nonwater urinals shall permit the uninhibited flow of waste through the urinal to the sanitary drainage system. Nonwater urinals shall be cleaned and maintained in accordance with the manufacturer's instructions after installation. Where nonwater urinals are installed, not less than one water supplied fixture rated at not less than 1 water supply fixture unit (WSFU) shall be installed upstream on the same drain line to facilitate drain line flow and rinsing. Where nonwater urinals are installed, they shall have a water distribution line rough-in to each individual urinal location to allow for the installation of an approved backflow prevention device in the event of a retrofit.
A water supply to a urinal shall be protected by an approved-type vacuum breaker or other approved backflow prevention device in accordance with Section 603.5.
Each water closet, urinal, clinical sink, or other plumbing fixture that depends on trap siphonage to discharge its waste contents shall be provided with a flushometer valve, flushometer tank, or flush tank designed and installed so as to supply water in sufficient quantity and rate of flow to flush the contents of the fixture to which it is connected, to cleanse the fixture, and to refill the fixture trap, without excessive water use. Flushing devices shall comply with the antisiphon requirements in accordance with Section 603.5.
Flushometer valves and flushometer tanks shall comply with ASSE 1037/ASME A112.1037/CSA B125.37, and shall be installed in accordance with Section 603.5.1. No manually controlled flushometer valve shall be used to flush more than one urinal, and each such urinal flushometer valve shall be an approved, self-closing type discharging a predetermined quantity of water. Flushometers shall be installed so that they will be accessible for repair. Flushometer valves shall not be used where the water pressure is insufficient to operate them properly. Where the valve is operated, it shall complete the cycle of operation automatically, opening fully, and closing positively under the line water pressure. Each flushometer shall be provided with a means for regulating the flow through it.
Flush tanks for manual flushing shall be equipped with a flush valve that complies with ASME A112.19.5/CSA B45.15 and an antisiphon fill valve (ball-cock) that complies with ASSE 1002/ASME A112.1002/CSA B125.12 and installed in accordance with Section 603.5.2.
An adequate quantity of water shall be provided to flush and clean the fixture served. The water supply for flushing tanks and flushometer tanks equipped for manual flushing shall be controlled by a float valve or other automatic device designed to refill the tank after each discharge and to shut completely off the water flow to the tank where the tank is filled to operational capacity. Provision shall be made to automatically supply water to the fixture to refill the trap seal after each flushing.
Flush tanks shall be provided with overflows discharging into the water closet or urinal connected thereto. Overflows supplied as original parts with the fixture shall be of sufficient size to prevent tank flooding at the maximum rate at which the tank is supplied with water under normal operating conditions and where installed in accordance with the manufacturer's installation instructions.
Domestic dishwashing machines shall comply with UL 749. Commercial dishwashing machines shall comply with NSF 3 and UL 921.
The water supply connection to a commercial dishwashing machine shall be protected by an air gap or a backflow prevention device in accordance with Section 603.3.2, Section 603.3.5, Section 603.3.6, or that complies with ASSE 1004.
Domestic dishwashing machines shall discharge indirectly through an air gap fitting in accordance with Section 807.3 into a waste receptor, a wye branch fitting on the tailpiece of a kitchen sink, or dishwasher connection of a food waste disposer. Commercial dishwashing machines shall discharge indirectly through an air break or direct connection. The indirect discharge for commercial dishwashing machines shall be in accordance with Section 807.1, and the direct discharge shall be in accordance with Section 704.3
Drinking fountains shall be self-closing and comply with ASME A112.19.1/CSA B45.2, ASME A112.19.2/CSA B45.1, or ASME A112.19.3/CSA B45.4. Drinking fountains shall also comply with NSF 61. Permanently installed electric water coolers shall also comply with UL 399.
Diagram
Where food is consumed indoors, water stations shall be permitted to be substituted for drinking fountains. Bottle filling stations shall be permitted to be substituted for drinking fountains up to 50 percent of the requirements for drinking fountains. Drinking fountains shall not be required for an occupant load of 30 or less.
Drinking fountains shall be permitted to discharge directly into the drainage system or indirectly through an air break in accordance with Section 809.1.
Drinking fountains shall not be installed in toilet rooms.
Emergency eyewash and shower equipment shall comply with ISEA Z358.1.
Emergency eyewash and shower equipment shall not be limited in the water supply flow rates. Where hot and cold water is supplied to an emergency shower or eyewash station, the temperature of the water supply shall be controlled by a temperature actuated mixing valve complying with ASSE 1071. The flow rate, discharge pattern, and temperature of flushing fluids shall be provided in accordance with ISEA Z358.1.
Emergency eyewash and shower equipment shall be installed in accordance with the manufacturer's installation instructions.
Emergency eyewash and shower equipment shall be located on the same level as the hazard and accessible for immediate use. The path of travel shall be free of obstructions and shall be clearly identified with signage.
A drain shall not be required for emergency eyewash or shower equipment. Where a drain is provided, the discharge shall be in accordance with Section 811.0.
Faucets and fixture fittings shall comply with ASME A112.18.1/CSA B125.1. Fixture fittings covered under the scope of NSF 61 shall comply with the requirements of NSF 61.
Deck mounted bath/shower transfer valves with integral backflow protection shall comply with ASME A112.18.1/CSA B125.1. This shall include handheld showers, and other bathing appliances mounted on the deck of bathtubs or other bathing appliances that incorporate a hose or pull out feature.
Handheld showers shall comply with ASME A112.18.1/CSA B125.1. Handheld showers with integral backflow protection shall comply with ASME A112.18.1/CSA B125.1 or shall have a backflow prevention device that complies with ASME A112.18.3 or ASSE 1014.
Faucets and fixture fittings with pull out spout shall comply with ASME A112.18.1/CSA B125.1. Faucets and fixture fittings with pull out spouts with integral backflow protection shall comply with ASME A112.18.1/CSA B125.1 or shall have a backflow preventer device that complies with ASME A112.18.3.
Where two separate handles control the hot and cold water, the left-hand control of the faucet where facing the fixture fitting outlet shall control the hot water. Faucets and diverters shall be connected to the water distribution system so that hot water corresponds to the left side of the fixture fitting.
Single-handle mixing valves installed in showers and tub-shower combinations shall have the flow of hot water corresponding to the markings on the fixture fitting.
Floor drains shall comply with ASME A112.3.1, ASME A112.6.3, or CSA B79.
Floor drains shall be considered plumbing fixtures and each such drain shall be provided with an approved-type strainer having a waterway equivalent to the area of the tailpiece. Floor drains shall be of an approved type and shall provide a watertight joint on the floor.
Diagram
Floor drains shall be installed in the following areas:
Toilet rooms containing two or more water closets or a combination of one water closet and one urinal, except in a dwelling unit.
Commercial kitchens and in accordance with Section 704.3.
Laundry rooms in commercial buildings and common laundry facilities in multi-family dwelling buildings.
Boiler rooms.
Diagram
Where drains are provided in storerooms, walk-in freezers, walk-in coolers, refrigerated equipment, or other locations where food is stored, such drains shall have indirect waste piping. Separate waste pipes shall be run from each food storage area, each with an indirect connection to the building sanitary drainage system. Traps shall be provided in accordance with Section 801.3.2 of this code and shall be vented.
Indirect drains shall be permitted to be located in freezers or other spaces where freezing temperatures are maintained, provided that traps, where supplied, shall be located where the seal will not freeze. Otherwise, the floor of the freezer shall be sloped to a floor drain located outside of the storage compartment.
Floors shall be sloped to floor drains.
Food waste disposal units shall comply with UL 430. Residential food waste disposers shall also comply with ASSE 1008.
Approved wye or other directional-type branch fittings shall be installed in continuous wastes connecting or receiving the discharge from a food waste disposer. No dishwasher drain shall be connected to a sink tailpiece, continuous waste, or trap on the discharge side of a food waste disposer.
A cold water supply shall be provided for food waste disposers. Such connection to the water supply shall be protected by an air gap or backflow prevention device in accordance with Section 603.2.
Sinks shall comply with ASME A112.19.1/CSA B45.2, ASME A112.19.2/CSA B45.1, ASME A112.19.3/CSA B45.4, CSA B45.5/IAPMO Z124, CSA B45.8/IAPMO Z403, or CSA B45.12/IAPMO Z402. Moveable sink systems shall comply with ASME A112.19.12.
Sink faucets shall have a maximum flow rate of not more than 2.2 gpm at 60 psi (8.3 L/m at 414 kPa).
Exceptions:
Clinical sinks
Laundry trays
Service sinks
Commercial food service pre-rinse spray valves shall have a maximum flow rate of 1.6 gallons per minute (gpm) at 60 pounds-force per square inch (psi) (6.0 L/m at 414 kPa) and shall be equipped with an integral automatic shutoff.
Diagram
Kitchen and laundry sinks shall have a waste outlet and fixture tailpiece not less than 11/2 inches (40 mm) in diameter. Service sinks shall have a waste outlet and fixture tailpiece not less than 2 inches (50 mm) in diameter. Fixture tailpieces shall be constructed from the materials specified in Section 701.2 for drainage piping. Waste outlets shall be provided with an approved strainer.
Floor sinks shall comply with ASME A112.6.7.
The waste outlet of a floor sink shall be provided with an approved strainer or grate that is removable and accessible.
Diagram
Where family or assisted-use toilet and bathing rooms are required, in applicable building regulations, the facilities shall be installed in accordance with those regulations.
Separate toilet facilities shall be provided for each sex.
Exceptions:
Residential installations.
In occupancies with a total occupant load of 10 or less, including customers and employees, one toilet facility, designed for use by no more than one person at a time, shall be permitted for use by both sexes.
In business and mercantile occupancies with a total occupant load of 50 or less including customers and employees, one toilet facility, designed for use by no more than one person at a time, shall be permitted for use by both sexes.
Single use toilet facilities and family or assisted use toilet facilities shall be identified with signage indicating use by either sex.
Where a separate toilet facility is required for each sex, and each toilet facility is required to have only one water closet, two family or assisted-use toilet facilities shall be permitted in place of the required separate toilet facilities.
Additional fixtures shall be permitted to be required where unusual environmental conditions or referenced activities are encountered. In food preparation areas, fixture requirements shall be permitted to be dictated by health codes.
Each building or structure shall be provided with toilet facilities for employees and customers. Requirements for customers and employees shall be permitted to be met with a single set of restrooms accessible to both groups.
Required toilet facilities for employees and customers located in shopping malls or centers shall be permitted to be met by providing a centrally located toilet facility accessible to several stores. The maximum travel distance from entry to any store to the toilet facility shall not exceed 300 feet (91 440 mm).
Required toilet facilities for employees and customers in other than shopping malls or centers shall have a maximum travel distance not to exceed 500 feet (152 m).
In multistory buildings, accessibility to the required toilet facilities shall not exceed one vertical story. Access to the required toilet facilities for customers shall not pass through areas designated as for employee use only such as kitchens, food preparation areas, storage rooms, closets, or similar spaces. Toilet facilities accessible only to private offices shall not be counted to determine compliance with this section.
Toilet facilities shall be provided and maintained in a sanitary condition for the use of workers during construction.