Pi philosopher

Pi ideological extremist

Je activist

Known for being a proponent of anarchist communism

Born into an aristocratic land-owning family, rejecting his Prince title

Attended the Page Corps and later served as an officer in Siberia, where he participated in several geological expeditions

Imprisoned for his activism in 1874 and managed to escape two years later

Spent the next 41 years in exile in Switzerland, France (where he was imprisoned for almost four years) and England

While in exile, he gave lectures and published widely on anarchism and geography

Returned to Russia after the Russian Revolution in 1917, but he was disappointed by the Bolshevik state

Proponent of the idea of decentralized communist society free from central government and based on voluntary associations of self-governing communities and worker-run enterprises

Wrote many books, pamphlets and articles, the most prominent being The Conquest of Bread (1892) and Fields, Factories, and Workshops (1899), with Mutual Aid: A Factor of Evolution (1902) being his principal scientific offering

Contributed the article on anarchism to the eleventh edition of the Encyclopædia Britannica and left an unfinished work on anarchist ethical philosophy