Collab study reveals widespread ecological and evolutionary traps threatening global bat populations

In a new collaborative synthesis published today in Biological Conservation, researchers from the Eco/Con Lab, led by Krizler Tanalgo and Kier Dela Cruz, together with Danilo Russo from the Laboratory of Animal Ecology and Evolution (AnEcoEvo) at the University of Naples Federico II (Italy), examined the vulnerability of global bat species to potential ecological and evolutionary traps (EETs) and the life-history traits that influence their risk.

Human-induced environmental changes are driving a global decline in species populations, with many now facing ecological and evolutionary traps (EETs). These traps mislead bats into selecting seemingly favourable habitats such as urban areas, energy development zones, and agricultural landscapes that ultimately reduce their survival or reproductive success.

The new study highlights the potential impact of human-induced environmental changes on bat populations worldwide, revealing that at least 318 bat species are at risk of falling into potential ecological and evolutionary traps (EETs). The new study highlights the possible negative impact of these traps on bats, revealing that at least 318 species are at risk. The research analysed taxonomic traits, geographical distribution, and key risk drivers, identifying widespread insectivorous bats with highly social behaviours as particularly vulnerable.

Crucially, the study warns that conservation efforts may inadvertently prioritise high-density bat habitats that function as ecological traps, potentially undermining species recovery. With habitat loss, fragmentation, and climate change already pressuring bat populations, refining conservation strategies to address EETs is critical. A deeper understanding of these mechanisms is essential for safeguarding bats and their vital ecological roles.

Reference: Tanalgo, K. C., Dela Cruz, K. C., & Russo, D. (2025). Susceptibility of bats to ecological and evolutionary traps. Biological Conservation, 305, 111110. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2025.111110