Knee Arthritis Icd 10

Knee arthritis is inflammation and deterioration of knee joint cartilage. Cartilage is the slippery coating on the ends of bones that serves as a cushion and allows the knee to smoothly bend and straighten. Knee cartilage coats the end of the thighbone (femur), top of the shinbone (tibia) and the backside of the kneecap (patella). When cartilage wears away, the space between the bones narrows. In advanced arthritis, bone rubs on bone and bone spurs (bumps on the bone) may form.

Osteoarthritis is also known as degenerative joint disease. It is the most common form of knee arthritis and can affect other joints as well. It is often associated with wear and tear related to aging, and gradually progresses over time. The breakdown of cartilage leads to pain and inflammation.

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Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disease in which the immune system attacks healthy tissue in several joints of the body, including the knee. It causes inflammation of the synovial membrane, the capsule surrounding the knee joint. Inflammatory cells release substances that break down knee cartilage over time. Rheumatoid arthritis can affect people of any age.

Cartilage cannot be seen on X-ray, but narrowing of the joint space between the bones indicates lost cartilage. X-rays show bone spurs and cysts, which can be caused by osteoarthritis. Other tests such as MRI or CT scans are rarely needed for diagnosis.

Treatment plans vary depending on the type and stage of arthritis, your age, severity of pain and other factors. Cartilage loss cannot be reversed, but there are ways to reduce pain and prevent further damage. Nonsurgical treatments of knee arthritis include:

The progression of knee arthritis and effectiveness of nonsurgical treatments varies. Your doctor will work with you to develop a personalized plan that may include a combination of nonsurgical treatments.

Arthritis is inflammation of one or more of your joints. Pain, swelling, and stiffness are the primary symptoms of arthritis. Any joint in the body may be affected by the disease, but it is particularly common in the knee.

The knee is the largest and strongest joint in your body. It is made up of the lower end of the femur (thighbone), the upper end of the tibia (shinbone), and the patella (kneecap). The ends of the three bones that form the knee joint are covered with articular cartilage, a smooth, slippery substance that protects and cushions the bones as you bend and straighten your knee.

Osteoarthritis is the most common form of arthritis in the knee. It is a degenerative, wear-and-tear type of arthritis that occurs most often in people 50 years of age and older, although it may occur in younger people, too.

In osteoarthritis, the cartilage in the knee joint gradually wears away. As the cartilage wears away, it becomes frayed and rough, and the protective space between the bones decreases. This can result in bone rubbing on bone and produce painful bone spurs.

Rheumatoid arthritis is a chronic disease that attacks multiple joints throughout the body, including the knee joint. It is symmetrical, meaning that it usually affects the same joint on both sides of the body.

Rheumatoid arthritis is an autoimmune disease. This means that the immune system attacks its own tissues. The immune system damages normal tissue (such as cartilage and ligaments) and softens the bone.

Posttraumatic arthritis is form of arthritis that develops after an injury to the knee. For example, a broken bone may damage the joint surface and lead to arthritis years after the injury. Meniscal tears and ligament injuries can cause instability and additional wear on the knee joint which, over time, can result in arthritis.

(Left) In this X-ray of a normal knee, the space between the bones indicates healthy cartilage (arrows). (Right) This X-ray of an arthritic knee shows severe loss of joint space.

Assistive devices. Using devices such as a cane, or wearing a brace or knee sleeve can be helpful. A brace assists with stability and function, and it may be especially helpful if the arthritis is centered on one side of the knee. There are two types of braces that are often used for knee arthritis: An "unloader" brace shifts weight away from the affected portion of the knee, while a "support" brace helps support the entire knee load. Placing wedges in your shoe is not recommended for relieving knee discomfort.

Medications. Several types of drugs are useful in treating arthritis of the knee. Because people respond differently to medications, your doctor will work closely with you to determine the medications and dosages that are safe and effective for you.

Acupuncture uses fine needles to stimulate specific body areas to relieve pain or temporarily numb an area. Although it is used in many parts of the world and evidence suggests that it can help ease the pain of arthritis, there are few scientific studies of its effectiveness. Be sure your acupuncturist is certified, and do not hesitate to ask about his or her sterilization practices.

Magnetic pulse therapy is painless and works by applying a pulsed signal to the knee, which is placed in an electromagnetic field. Like many alternative therapies, magnetic pulse therapy has yet to be proven.

Your doctor may recommend surgery if your pain from arthritis causes disability and is not relieved with nonsurgical treatment. As with all surgeries, there are some risks and possible complications with different knee procedures. Your doctor will discuss the possible complications with you before your operation.

Arthroscopic surgery is not often used to treat arthritis of the knee. In cases where osteoarthritis is accompanied by a degenerative meniscal tear, arthroscopic surgery may be recommended to treat the torn meniscus.

Cartilage grafting (cartilage restoration). Normal, healthy cartilage tissue may be taken from another part of the knee or from a tissue bank to fill a hole in the articular cartilage. This procedure is typically considered only for younger patients who have small areas of cartilage damage.

Osteotomy. In a knee osteotomy, either the tibia (shinbone) or femur (thighbone) is cut and then reshaped to relieve pressure on the knee joint. Knee osteotomy is used when you have early-stage osteoarthritis that has damaged just one side of the knee joint. By shifting your weight off the damaged side of the joint, an osteotomy can relieve pain and significantly improve function in your arthritic knee.

Total knee replacement or partial (unicompartmental) knee replacement (arthroplasty). Your doctor will remove the damaged cartilage and bone, and then position new metal or plastic joint surfaces to restore the function of your knee.

Your doctor may recommend physical therapy to help you regain strength in your knee and to restore range of motion. Depending upon your procedure, you may need to wear a knee brace, or use crutches or a cane for a time.

To assist doctors in the nonsurgical and surgical management of knee osteoarthritis, the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons has conducted research to provide some useful guidelines. These are recommendations only and may not apply to every case. For more information: Plain Language Summary - Clinical Practice Guideline - The Management of Knee Osteoarthritis (Surgical and Nonsurgical) and Surgical Management of Osteoarthritis of the Knee - Clinical Practice Guideline | American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons (aaos.org)

Knee pain can be caused by multiple conditions and may not necessarily be arthritis. If you have knee pain or mobility issues, see a specialist to determine whether it may be caused by a simple overuse condition such as runner's knee or whether you are experiencing the onset of osteoarthritis.

The knee joint can be thought of as a hinge joint, with the primary motion of bending and straightening. In reality, it is more complex than a simple hinge, as these surfaces actually glide and roll upon one another. Three bones meet to form the knee joint: the femur (thighbone), the tibia and the patella (kneecap). The bones are covered with smooth cartilage surfaces that act as a cushion during weightbearing activity.

The bones of the knee are covered with a smooth, glistening layer called articular cartilage and connected by strong ligaments and powerful muscles that are attached to the thigh and calf by tendons, and which provide side-to-side stability. In a healthy knee, all of these structures work together to allow the knee to flex (bend) and extend (straighten) the lower leg smoothly.

Knee arthritis literally means "inflammation of the knee joint," although inflammation is not always present when there is arthritis. On an X-ray of a knee with arthritis, the space between the upper and lower bones is often reduced or, in some places, even absent due to loss of cartilage, the shiny material which covers the ends of the bones.

People with knee osteoarthritis complain of pain, stiffness, and limited motion in their knee. Although it is most common in older people, younger patients may get post-traumatic arthritis. This is a form of early onset osteoarthritis that results from an injury to the ligaments, cartilage and/or bone in or around a joint. People who are born with abnormalities in the shape of their bones or joints can also have osteoarthritis at earlier ages.

Symptoms include knee joint aching, stiffness, pain, and mild swelling. These symptoms often lead to reduced activity and muscle weakness. Weakened muscles can lead to instability and decreased ability to control the knee, further limiting the ability to participate in enjoyable activities. The knee joint may develop cysts, bone spurs, or loss of cartilage, which can be seen on X-rays.

Sometimes, people actually feel a catching or clicking within the knee when they bend or flex their knee. Generally, loading the knee joint with activities such as walking long distances, standing for long periods of time, or climbing stairs makes arthritis pain worse. When the arthritis has gotten to be severe, the pain may occur even when sitting, lying down or sleeping. The pain can be felt anywhere around the knee: As the cartilage is worn away preferentially on one side of the knee joint, people may find their knee will become more knock-kneed or bowlegged. e24fc04721